Scientia Iranica

Scientia Iranica

The Importance of Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation for Determining the Mechanical Stimuli of Endothelial Cells and the Atheroprone Regions in a Coronary Bifurcation

Authors
H.A. Pakravan
M.S. Saidi
B. Firoozabadi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
10.24200/sci.2016.3828
Abstract
The function and morphology of endothelial cells (ECs) play a key role in atherosclerosis. The mechanical stimuli of ECs such as wall shear stress (WSS) and arterial wall strains greatly influence the function and morphology of these cells. The present article deals with computations of these stimuli for a 3D model of a healthy coronary artery bifurcation. The focus of the study is to propose an accurate method for computations of WSS and strains. Two approaches are considered. The coupled simultaneous simulation of arterial wall and blood flow called Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulation and decoupled one,which simulates each domain (fluid and solid domain) separately. The study demonstrates that the computed circumferential strain resulting from both methods are identical. However, longitudinal strain and WSS are very different from these two approaches. The resulting time averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) from decoupled fluid model is always higher than corresponding value from FSI simulation. While, oscillatory shear index (OSI) from rigid wall model is lower than the values resulting from FSI. Therefore, the decoupled simulation may underestimate the atheroprone sites of the artery and suggests that using FSI simulation for mechanical stimuli of ECs is inevitable.
Keywords
Fluid-structure interaction
hemodynamics
coronary artery
wall shear stress
cyclic stretch
endothelial cells
Scientia Iranica
Volume 23, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
Transactions on Mechanical Engineering (B)
February 2016
Pages 228-237

  • Receive Date 15 April 2015
  • Accept Date 27 July 2017