Scientia Iranica

Scientia Iranica

The design of a multi-band antenna with improved higher-order mode radiation using characteristic mode analysis for L5-band, L1-band, and S-band applications

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
1 Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India.
2 SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.
3 Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India.
10.24200/sci.2023.62142.7669
Abstract
A novel multi-band antenna with an improved higher-order mode radiation pattern based on Characteristic Mode Analysis (CMA) is presented. The tri-band characteristic is achieved by exciting one higher-order mode and two orthogonal modes. The initial orthogonal mode is achieved by converting the antenna from a circular to an elliptical shape. Surface current reshaping transforms the higher-order conical radiation pattern mode into a broadside direction. The surface current nulls with out-of-phase are moved toward the patch corners using CMA. Characteristic modes are excited with a coaxial feed, which uses full-wave Electromagnetic (EM) simulation. It excites two orthogonal modes at 1176 MHz and 1575 MHz for L5-band and L1-band applications, respectively, and one higher-order mode at 2500 MHz for S-band applications. The proposed antenna has moderate gain and broadside radiation patterns across the operational frequency bands. The working of the antenna and validation are represented by equivalent circuit modeling. The experimental results present excellent agreement with EM simulated results.
Keywords
Subjects

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Volume 32, Issue 17
Transactions on Computer Science & Engineering and Electrical Engineering
September and October 2025 Article ID:7669

  • Receive Date 09 April 2023
  • Revise Date 11 October 2023
  • Accept Date 21 November 2023