Novel algorithm to minimize peak-to-average power ratio of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system with less intricate partial transmit sequence using various modulation schemes

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Electronics and Communication, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow, India.

2 Department of Electronics and Communication, Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jhansi, India.

10.24200/sci.2023.61419.7295

Abstract

At present time, mobile communication is essential for the daily life of human beings, and for that, modulation schemes are very important for the quality and speed of transmission. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the best schemes for mobile communication. In this study, we focused on reducing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) using a novel algorithm in the OFDM system. To reduce the PAPR, the modified Low Complexity-Partial Transmit Sequence (LC-PTS) has been proposed in this study and simulated with different modulation techniques. The main parameter for OFDM is PAPR, and reduction of PAPR is desirable for an efficient transmission system. This parameter has been further minimized in LC conditions in Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) that include the Binary Phase-Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK), and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) modulation schemes. The obtained simulated results show clearly that among various modulation techniques, BPSK is the optimum technique for the proposed algorithm to reduce the PAPR.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

References
1. Wei, Z., Yuan, W., Li, S., et al. “Orthogonal time frequency space modulation: A promising next generation waveform”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 28(4), pp. 136-144 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.001.2000408
2. Huang, C., Hu, S., Alexandropoulos, G., et al. “Holographic MIMO surfaces for 6G wireless networks: Opportunities, challenges, and trends”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 27(5), pp. 118-125 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.001.1900534
3. Zhang, S. “An overview of network slicing for 5G”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 26(3), pp. 111-117 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.2019.1800234
4. Wu, W., Zhou, C., Li, M., et al. “Al-native network slicing for 6G networks”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 29(1), pp. 96-103 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.001.2100338
5. Kang, J., Xiong, Z., Niyato, D., et al. “Reliable federated learning for mobile networks”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 27(2), pp. 72-80 (2020). https://doi.org/ 10.1109/MWC.001.1900119
6. Yuan, X., Zhang, Y., Shi, Y., et al. “Reconfigurable-intelligent-surface empowered wireless communications: Challenges and opportunities”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 28(2), pp. 136-143 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.001.2000256
7. Wan, C. and Rahman, A. “Quantum-enabled 6G wireless networks: Opportunities and challenges”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 29(1), pp. 58-69 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.006.00340
8. Chen, S., Liang, Y., Sun, S., et al. “Vision, requirements, and technology trend of 6G: How to tackle the challenges of system coverage, capacity, user data-rate and movement speed”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 27(2), pp. 218-228 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.001.1900333
9. Song, F., Li, L., You, I., et al. “Optimizing high-speed mobile networks with smart collaborative theory”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 29(3), pp. 48-54 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.001.2100579
10. Tang, F., Chen, X., Zhao, M., et al. “The roadmap of communication and networking in 6G for the metaverse”, IEEE Wireless Communication, 30(4) pp. 72-81 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.019.2100721
11. Cho, Y., Kim, K., Woo, J., et al. “Low-complexity PTS schemes using dominant time-domain samples in OFDM systems”, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 63(2), pp. 440-445 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/TBC.2017.2662228
12. Ye, C., Li, Z., Ziang, T., et al. “PAPR reduction of OQAM-OFDM signals using segmental PTS scheme with low complexity”, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 60(1), pp. 141-147 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/TBC.2013.2282732
13. Yang, L., Soo, K., Li, S., et al. “PAPR reduction using low complexity PTS to construct of OFDM signals without side information”, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 57(2), pp. 284-290 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/TBC.2011.2122870
14. Li, Y., Qiu, H., Chen, X., et al. “A novel PAPR reduction algorithm for DCO-OFDM/OQAM system in underwater VLC”, Optics Communications, 463, 125449 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2020.125449
15. Carcangiu, S., Fanni, A., and Montisci, A. “A closed form selected mapping algorithm for PAPR reduction in OFDM multicarrier transmission”, Energies, 15(5), 1938 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/en15051938
16. Qin, L., Li, H., Chen, D., et al. “Peak shrinking and interpolating for PAPR reduction in M-IFoF-based mobile fronthaul”, Digital Communications and Networks, 8(1), pp. 51-57 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcan.2021.06.003
17. Şimşir, Ş. and Taşpınar, N. “A novel discrete elephant herding optimization-based PTS scheme to reduce the PAPR of universal filtered multicarrier signal”, Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 24(6), pp. 1428-1441 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2021.03.001
18. Fang, Z., Qian, H., Kang, K., et al. “Distortion-less PAPR reduction algorithm for multi-user MIMO system with linear precoding”, Digital Signal Processing, 95, 102575 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2019.102575
19. Lahcen, A., Kamal, A., Mustapha, H., et al. “Peak-to-average power ratio reduction using new swarm intelligence algorithm in OFDM systems”, Procedia Manufacturing, 32, pp. 831-839 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.291
20. Rakshit, M., Bhattacharjee, S., Garai, G., et al. “A novel differential evolution algorithm for tone reservation-based peak to average power ratio reduction technique in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems”, Swarm and Evolutionary Computation, 72, 101086 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.swevo.2022.101086
21. Taşpınar, N. and Şimşir, S. “An efficient SLM technique based on migrating bird’s optimization algorithm with cyclic bit flipping mechanism for PAPR reduction in UFMC waveform”, Physical Communication, 43, 101225 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phycom.2020.101225
22. Kumar, A., Rajagopal, K., Gugapriya G., et al. “Reducing PAPR with low complexity filtered NOMA using novel algorithm”, Sustainability, 14(15), 9631 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159631
23. Miriyala, G. and Mani, V. “A new PAPR reduction technique in DCO-OFDM for visible light communication systems”, Optics Communications, 474, 126064 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126064
24. Bello, P. “Selective fading limitations of the Kathryn modem and some system design considerations”, IEEE Transactions on Communication, 13, pp. 320-333 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOM.1965.1089134
25. Zimmerman, M. and Kirsch, A. “The AN/GSC-10 (Kathryn) variable rate data modem for HF radio”, IEEE Transactions on Communication Systems, 15, pp. 197-204 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOM.1967.1089577
26. Powers, E. and Zimmermann, M. “A digital implementation of a multichannel data modem”, In Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Communication Philadelphia, PA (1968).
27. Saltzberg, B. “Performance of an efficient parallel data transmission system”, IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology, 15, pp. 805-811 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOM.1967.1089674
28. Harmuth, H., Transmission of Information by Orthogonal Functions, Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, 79 (1972).https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61974-8
29. Weinstein, S. and Ebert, P. “Data transmission by frequency-division multiplexing using the discrete Fourier transform”, IEEE Transactions on Communication Tech., 19, pp. 628-634 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOM.1971.1090705
30. Cimini, L. “Analysis and simulation of a digital mobile channel using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing”, IEEE Transactions Communication, 33, pp. 665-675 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOM.1985.1096357
31. Mino, O., Fujiwara, T., Nishizawa, H., et al. “Development of north America terrestrial digital audio broadcasting receiver (HD Radio)”, Fujitsu Ten Tech, 25, pp. 42-53 (2005). https://doi.org/10.2991/emle-16.2017.81
32. Chow, P., Tu, J., and Cioffi, J. “Performance evaluation of a multichannel system for ADSL and VHDSL”, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 9(6), pp. 909-911 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1109/49.93101
33. Cimini, L. and Sollenberger, N. “Peak-to-average power ratio reduction of an OFDM signal using partial transmit sequence”, IEEE Communication Lett., 4(3), pp. 86-88 (2000). https://doi.org/ 10.1109/4234.831033
34. Jayalath, D. and Tellambura, C. “Adaptive PTS approach for reduction of peak-to-average power ratio of OFDM signal”, Electron Lett., 36(14), pp. 1226-1228 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1049/el.20000881
35. Alavi, A., Tellambura, C., and Fair, I. “PAPR reduction of OFDM signals using partial transmit sequence: An optimal approach using sphere decoding”, IEEE Communication Lett., 9(11), pp. 982-984 (2005). https://doi.org/ 10.1109/LCOMM.2005.11015
36. Jiang, T., Xiang, W., Rechardson, P., et al “PAPR reduction of OFDM signals using partial transmit sequences with low computational complexity”, IEEE Trans. Broadcast, 53(3), pp. 719-724 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1109/TBC.2007.899345
37. Nguyen, T. and Lampe, L. “On partial transmit sequences for PAR reduction in OFDM systems”, IEEE Trans. Wireless Communication, 7(2), pp. 746-755 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2008.060664
38. Wang, L. and Cao, Y. “Sub-optimum PTS for PAPR reduction of OFDM signals”, Electron Lett., 44(15), pp. 921-922 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1049/el:20080764
39. Aghdam Hosseinzadeh, M. and Sharifi A.A. “PAPR reduction in OFDM systems: An efficient PTS approach based on particle swarm optimization”, ICT Express, 5(3), pp. 178-181 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2018.10.003
40. Sharifi A.A. and Emami, H. “PAPR reduction of asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM signals: Optimizing PTS technique using improved flower pollination algorithm”, Optics Communications, 474, 126057 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126057
41. Goel, A. and Gupta S. “Side information embedding scheme for PTS based PAPR reduction in OFDM systems”, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 61(12), pp. 11765-11777 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2022.05.021
42. Sayyari, R., Pourrostam, J., and Ahmadi H. “Efficient PAPR reduction scheme for OFDM-NOMA systems based on DSI & pre coding methods”, Physical Communication, 47, 101372 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phycom.2021.101372
43. Tran, V.-N., Vu V.-K., Nguyen T.-C., et al. “Optimization of partial transmit sequences scheme for PAPR reduction of OFDM signals”, International Conference Engineering and Telecommunication, pp. 1-5 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/EnT50437.2020.9431307
Scientia Iranica
Volume 32, Issue 15
Transactions on Computer Science & Engineering and Electrical Engineering
July and August 2025 Article ID:7295

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 08 November 2022
  • Revise Date: 26 September 2023
  • Accept Date: 08 October 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics