Document Type : Article
Authors
1
- Amity University Maharashtra, Panvel, Mumbai Maharashtra -410206, India - Jain College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering Belgaum, Karnataka-590014, India
2
Jain College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering Belgaum, Karnataka-590014, India
3
Aditya Institute of Technology and Management, Department of Mechanical Engineering Tekkali, Andhra Pradesh-532203, India
10.24200/sci.2025.63721.8558
Abstract
The defense and aerospace industries make use of the third generation aluminium-lithium alloy. This specific research aims to enhance the friction stir welding (FSW) process parameters by using Taguchi-grey relational analysis (GRA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The weld quality depends upon various factors like traverse speed, rotational speed, tilt angle, shoulder diameter, and tool pin shape. Combining PCA with the deep-rooted Taguchi-GRA approach accurately determines the weights of the responses. Using a Taguchi L16 orthogonal array, 16 tests were conducted. The resulting weld joints underwent a series of different tests, such as tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation, weld zone hardness, heat affected zone hardness, bending load, and heat affected zone breadth. Based on the results obtained from Taguchi-GRA-PCA, the optimal process parameters were identified as a traverse speed of 160 mm/min, rotational speed of 900 rpm, tilt angle of 20, shoulder diameter of 16 mm, and a straight square tool pin profile. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed the significance of all five characteristics, with rotational speed having the most influence, accounting for 43.56% of the overall result. and a confirmation experiment under ideal conditions was conducted, it showed 19.06% of improvement in the total weld quality.
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