Control and performance assessment of grid-connected PMSG-based wind turbine equipped with diode bridge rectifier and boost converter using three different control strategies

Document Type : Article

Authors

1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, P.O. Box: 87317-53153, Iran

2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-53153, Iran

Abstract

In this paper, as the main contribution, three sensorless control structures are presented for the control of the grid-connected PMSG-based wind turbine (WT) employing boost converter and diode rectifier as the machine-side converter. Then, detailed control structures of the boost converter and grid-side converter at the three mentioned control strategies are extracted, and next, features of the abovementioned control strategies are investigated and compared against wind speed variation and grid voltage dip. The boost converter, in the first control strategy, controls the generator speed at the MPPT mode, and in the second control strategy, it regulates the PMSG active power to its set point value. Also, the boost converter, in the third control strategy, adjusts the voltage of the dc link capacitor to its set point value. In this paper, steady-state performance and transient/LVRT behavior of the WT system are examined for each mentioned control strategy in the Matlab-Simulink environment. It is shown that WT steady-state responses are relatively identical for all three control strategies. However, as an interesting result, at the fault conditions, the third control strategy has superior performance, and thus, the WT fault ride-through behavior enhances significantly with the third control structure without any hardware protection.

Keywords

References

References:
1. Uehara, A., Pratap, A., Goya, T., et al. "A coordinated control method to smooth wind power  fluctuations of a PMSG-based WECS", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 26(2), pp. 550-558 (2011). DOI: 10.1109/TEC.2010.2091819.
2. Kasem Alaboudy, A.H., Daoud, A.A., Desouky, S.S., et al. "Converter controls and  flicker study of PMSGbased grid connected wind turbines", Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 4(1), pp. 75-91 (2013). DOI: 10.1016/j.asej.2012.05.004.
3. Rajaei, A.H., Mohamadian, M., Dehghan, S.M., et al. "PMSG-based variable speed wind energy conversion system using Vienna rectifier", European Transactions on Electrical Power, 21(1), pp. 954-972 (2011). DOI: 10.1002/etep.414.
4. Freire, N.M.A. and Cardoso, A.J.M. "Fault-tolerant PMSG drive with reduced DC-link ratings for wind turbine applications", IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2(1), pp. 26-34 (2014). DOI: 10.1109/JESTPE.2013.2293632.
5. Zhang, S., Tseng, K.J., Vilathgamuwa, D.M., et al. "Design of a robust grid interface system for PMSGbased wind turbine generators", IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 58(1), pp. 316-328 (2011). DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2044725.
6. Rahimi, M. "Mathematical modeling, dynamic response analysis and control of PMSG based wind turbines operating with an alternative control structure in power control mode", International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 27(12), pp. 1-18 (2017). DOI: 10.1002/etep.2346.
7. Rahimi, M. and Beiki, A. "Efficient modification of the control system in PMSG based wind turbine for improvement of the wind turbine dynamic response and suppression of torsional oscillations", International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 28(8), pp. 1-16 (2018). DOI: 10.1002/etep.2591.
8. Rahimi, M. "Modeling, control and stability analysis of grid connected PMSG based wind turbine assisted with diode rectifier and boost converter", International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 93, pp. 84-96 (2017). DOI: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2017.05.024.
9. Xie, D., Lu, Y., Sun, J., et al. "Small signal stability analysis for di erent types of PMSGs connected to the grid", Renewable Energy, 106, pp. 149-164 (2017). DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.01.026.
10. Noori Khezrabad, A. and Rahimi, M. "Performance and dynamic response enhancement of PMSG- based wind turbines employing boost converter-diode rectifier as the machine-side converter", Scientia Iranica, 29(3), pp. 1523-1536 (Jun. 2022). DOI: 10.24200/sci.2020.54375.3722.
11. Urtasun, A., Sanchis, P., San Martin, I., et al. "Modeling of small wind turbines based on PMSG with diode bridge for sensorless maximum power tracking", Renewable Energy, 55, pp. 138-149 (2013). DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.11.038.
12. Aubree, R., Auger, F., Mace, M., et al. "Design of an efficient small wind-energy conversion system with an adaptive sensorless MPPT strategy", Renewable Energy, 86, pp. 280-291 (2016). DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.08.030.
13. Serban, I. and Marinescu, C. "A sensorless control method for variable-speed small wind turbines", Renewable Energy, 43, pp. 256-266 (2012). DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.11.032.
14. Yu, K.N. and Liao, C.K. "Applying novel fractional order incremental conductance algorithm to design and study the maximum power tracking of small wind power systems", Journal of Applied Research and Technology, 13(2), pp. 238-244 (Apr. 2015). DOI: 10.1016/j.jart.2015.06.002.
15. Mozayan, S.M., Saad, M., Vahedi, H., et al. "Sliding mode control of PMSG wind turbine based on enhanced exponential reaching law", IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 63(10), pp. 6148-6159 (2016). DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2016.2573265.
16. Dursun, E.H. and Kulaksiz, A.A. "Second-order sliding mode voltage-regulator for improving MPPT efficiency of PMSG-based WECS", International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 121, p. 106149 (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106149.
17. Liang, C., Le Claire, J.-C., At-Ahmed, M., et al. "Power control of 5-phase PMSG-diode rectifierinterleaved boost set under health and fault modes", Electric Power Systems Research, 152, pp. 316-322 (2017). DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2017.07.003.
18. Yaramasu, V., Wu, B., Alepuz, S., et al. "Predictive control for low-voltage ride-through enhancement of three-level-boost and NPC-converter-based PMSG wind turbine", IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 61(12), pp. 6832-6843 (2014). DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2014.2327580.
19. Yaramasu, V. and Wu, B. "Predictive control of a three-level boost converter and NPC inverter for high-power PMSG-based medium voltage wind energy conversion systems", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 29(10), pp. 5308-5322 (2014). DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2013.2295292.
20. Milev, K., Yaramasu, V., Dekka, A., et al. "Predictive control of multichannel boost converter and VSIbased six-phase PMSG wind energy systems with fixed switching frequency", 11th Power Electronics, Drive Systems, and Technologies Conference (PEDSTC), pp. 1-6 (2020).DOI: 10.1109/PEDSTC49159.2020.9088417.
21. Milev, K., Alshammari, F., Yaramasu, V., et al. "Predictive control with fixed switching frequency for three-level boost and NPC converters interfaced PMSG wind turbine", 3rd International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment: Towards Clean Energy Technologies, pp. 1-6 (2021). DOI: 10.1109/ICEPE50861.2021.9404400.
22. Barote, L., Marinescu, C., and Cirstea, M.N. "Control structure for single-phase stand-alone wind-based energy sources", IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 60(2), pp. 764-772 (2013). DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2012.2203762.
23. Mesbahi, A., Saad, A., Khafallah, M., et al. "Boost converter analysis to optimize variable speed PMSG wind generation system", International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC), pp. 275-280 (2013). DOI: 10.1109/IRSEC.2013.6529647.
24. Putri, R.I., Pujiantara, M., Priyadi, A., et al. "Maximum power extraction improvement using sensorless controller based on adaptive perturb and observe algorithm for PMSG wind turbine application", IET Electric Power Applications, 12(4), pp. 455-462 (2018). DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2017.0531.
25. Alsokhiry, F., Abdelsalam, I., Adam, G.P., et al. "High-power medium-voltage three-phase ac-dc buckboost converter for wind energy conversion systems", Electric Power Systems Research, 177, p. 106012 (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.epsr.2019.106012.
26. Chinchilla, M., Arnaltes, S., and Burgos, J.C. "Control of permanent-magnet generators applied to variablespeed wind-energy systems connected to the grid", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 21(1), pp. 130-135 (2006). DOI: 10.1109/TEC.2005.852893.
27. Tripathi, S.M., Tiwari, A.N., and Singh, D. "Optimum design of proportional-integral controllers in gridintegrated PMSG-based wind energy conversion system", International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 26(5), pp. 1006-1031 (2016). DOI: 10.1002/etep.2176.
28. Zhang, X., Wu, Z., Hu, M., et al. "Coordinated control strategies of VSC-HVDC-based wind power systems for low voltage ride through", Energies, 8(7), pp. 7224- 7242 (2015). DOI: 10.3390/en8077224.
29. Dang, C.-L., Zhang, L., and Zhou, M.-X. "Optimal power control model of direct driven PMSG", Energy Procedia, 12, pp. 844-848 (2011). DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2011.10.112.
30. Alizadeh, O. and Yazdani, A. "A control strategy for power regulation in a direct-drive WECS with  flexible drive-train", IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 5(4), pp. 1156-1165 (2014). DOI: 10.1109/TSTE.2014.2342188.
31. Hansen, A.D. and Michalke, G. "Modelling and control of variable-speed multi-pole permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbine", Wind Energy, 11(5), pp. 537-554 (2008). DOI: 10.1002/we.278.
32. Yuan, X., Wang, F., Boroyevich, D., et al. "DC-link voltage control of power converter for wind generator operating in weak-grid systems", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 24(9), pp. 2178-2192 (2009). DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2009.2022522.
33. Hansen, A.D. and Michalke, G. "Multi-pole permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbines' grid support capability in uninterrupted operation during grid faults", IET Renewable Power Generation, 3(3), pp. 333-348 (2009). DOI: 10.1049/iet-rpg.2008.0054.
34. Van, T.L., Ngyen, T.D., Tran, T.T., et al. "Advanced control strategy of back-to-back PWM converters in PMSG wind power system", Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 13(2), pp. 81-95 (2015). DOI: 10.15598/aeee.v13i2.1287.
35. Nguyen, P.T.H., Studli, S., Braslavsky, J.H., et al. "Coordinated control for low voltage ride through in PMSG wind turbines", IFAC-PapersOnLine, 51(28), pp. 672-677 (2018). DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.374.
36. Mohan, N., Undeland, T.M., and Robbins, W.P., Power Electronics: Converters, Applications, and Design, 3rd edition, Wiley (2002). 
Scientia Iranica
Volume 31, Issue 14
Transactions on Computer Science & Engineering and Electrical Engineering (D)
July and August 2024
Pages 1206-1221

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 05 September 2021
  • Revise Date: 20 March 2022
  • Accept Date: 11 July 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics