Development of micro gas actuator for analyzing gas mixture

Document Type : Research Note

Authors

1 Hubei Key Laboratory of Power System Design and Test for Electrical Vehicle, Hubei University of Arits and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China

2 Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan

3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, Babol, Iran

4 Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

Abstract

In this study, a computational technique is used to investigate the ability of a new MEMS gas actuator (MIKRA) for detection and sensation of the gas mixture. In this actuator, the temperature difference of two arms inside a rectangular domain at rarefied condition induces a Knudsen force which is relative to physical properties of the gas. Both 2d and 3D approaches are applied for the simulation of the flow inside the model. In order to define the flow feature of a low-pressure gas inside the micro gas actuator, a high order equation of Boltzmann should be solved to attain reliable results. Since the domain of this micro gas is non-equilibrium, Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is applied for the simulation of the model. According to obtained results, a three-dimensional model presents more reliable results and the effect of a gap for three-dimensional model clearly demonstrates the impact of this parameter on the effective Knudsen force

Keywords

References

References:
1. Wu, C.H.., Kang, D., Chen, P.H., and Tai, Y.C. "MEMS thermal  flow sensors", Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 241, pp. 135-144 (2016).
2. Li, Z., Gerdroodbary, M.B., Valipour, P., Moradi, R., and Babazadeh, H. "The optimization via response surface method for micro hydrogen gas actuator", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 44(59), pp. 31633-31643 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.10.015.
3. Gao, W., Zhu, L.L., and Wang, K.Y. "Ranking based ontology scheming using eigenpair computation", Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 31(4), pp. 2411-2419 (2016).
4. Gerdroodbary, M.B. "Application of Knudsen force for development of modern micro gas sensors", In Gas Sensors. IntechOpen (2019). 
5. Gao, W. and Wang, W. "The eccentric connectivity polynomial of two classes of nanotubes", Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 89, pp. 290-294 (2016).
6. Mahyari, A., Gerdroodbary, M.B., Mosavat, M., and Ganji, D.D. "Detection of ammonia gas by Knudsen thermal force in micro gas sensor", Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 12, pp. 276-284 (2018).
7. Ketsdever, A., Gimelshein, N., Gimelshein, S., and Selden, N. "Radiometric phenomena: From the 19th to the 21st century", Vacuum, 86(11), pp. 1644-1662 (2012).
8. Crookes, W. "On attraction and repulsion resulting from radiation", Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London, 164, pp. 501-527 (1874). 
9. Passian, A., Warmack, R.J., Ferrell, T.L., and Thundat, T. "Thermal transpiration at the microscale: a Crookes cantilever", Physical Review Letters, 90, p. 124503 (2003).
10. Passian, A., Wig, A., Meriaudeau, F., Ferrell, T.L., and Thundat, T. "Knudsen forces on microcantilevers", Journal of Applied Physics, 92(10), pp. 6326-6333 (2002).
11. Passian, A., Warmack, R.J., Wig, A., Farahi, R.H., Meriaudeau, F., Ferrell, T.L., and Thundat, T. "Observation of Knudsen effect with microcantilevers", Ultramicroscopy, 97, pp. 401-406 (2003).
12. Lereu, A.L., Passian, A., Warmack, R.J., Ferrell, T.L., and Thundat, T. "Effect of thermal variations on the Knudsen forces in the transitional regime", Applied Physics Letters, 84(6), pp. 1013-1015 (2004).
13. Aoki, K., Sone, Y., and Yano, T. "Numerical analysis of a flow induced in a rarefied gas between noncoaxial circular cylinders with different temperatures for the entire range of the Knudsen number", Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics, 1(2), pp. 409-419 (1989).
14. Aoki, K., Sone, Y., and Waniguchi, Y. "A rarefied gas flow induced by a temperature field: Numerical analysis of the  flow between two coaxial elliptic cylinders with different uniform temperatures", Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 35(1-2), pp. 15-28 (1998).
15. Taguchi, S. and Aoki, K. "Rarefied gas  flow around a sharp edge induced by a temperature field", Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 694, pp. 191-224 (2012).
16. Bosworth, R.W., Ventura, A.L., Ketsdever, A.D., and Gimelshein, S.F. "Measurement of negative thermophoretic force", Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 805, pp. 207-221 (2016).
17. Darbandi, M. and Sabouri, M. "Detail study on improving micro/nano gas mixer performances in slip and transitional flow regimes", Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 218, pp. 78-88 (2015).
18. Darbandi, M. and Sabouri, M. "Quantifying the direct influence of diffusive mass transfer in rarefied gas mixing simulations", Journal of Fluids Engineering, 140(3), p. 031207 (2018).
19. Gimelshein, S.F. and Wysong, I. "Modeling hypersonic reacting  flows using DSMC with the Bias reaction model", In 47th AIAA Thermophysics Conference, p. 4025 (2017).
20. Bosworth, R.W., Ventura, A.L., Ketsdever, A.D., and Gimelshein, S.F. "Measurement of negative thermophoretic force", Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 805, pp. 207-221 (2016).
21. Ebrahimi, A. and Roohi, E. "DSMC investigation of rarefied gas flow through diverging micro-and nanochannels", Micro
uidics and Nanofluidics, 21(2), p. 18 (2017).
22. Vo, D.D., Moradi, R., Gerdroodbary, M.B., and Ganji, D.D. "Measurement of low-pressure Knudsen force with deflection approximation for gas detection", Results in Physics, 13, p. 102257 (2019).
23. Strongrich, A.D., Pikus, A.J., Sebastiao, I.B. Peroulis, D., and Alexeenko, A.A. "Low-pressure gas sensor exploiting the Knudsen thermal force: DSMC modeling and experimental validation", In 2016 IEEE 29th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), pp. 828-831, IEEE (2016).
24. Strongrich, A. and Alexeenko, A. "Microstructure actuation and gas sensing by the Knudsen thermal force", Applied Physics Letters, 107(19), p. 193508 (2015).
25. Barzegar, Gerdroodbary, M., Domiri Ganji, D., Taeibi-Rahni, M., and Vakilipour, Sh. "Effect of Knudsen thermal force on the performance of low-pressure micro gas sensor", The European Physical Journal, 132(7), p. 315 (2017).
26. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Ganji, D.D., Moradi, R., and Abdollahi, A. "Application of Knudsen thermal force for detection of CO2 in low-pressure micro gas sensor", Fluid Dynamics, 53(6), pp. 795-806 (2018).
27. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Domiri Ganji, D., Taeibi- Rahni, M., Pruiti, B., and Moradi, R. "Development of Knudsen thermal force for mass analysis of CH4/He gas mixture", International Journal of Modern Physics C, 30(1), p. 1950002 (2019).
28. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Domiri Ganji, D., Taeibi- Rahni, M., Vakilipour, Sh., and Moradi, R. "Application of direct simulation Monte Carlo for development of micro gas actuator", Bulgarian Chemical Communications, 50(2), pp. 298-305 (2018).
29. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Domiri Ganji, D., Taeibi-Rahni, M., and Vakilipour, S. "Effect of geometrical parameters on radiometric force in low-pressure MEMS gas actuator", Microsystem Technologies, 24(5), pp. 2189-2198 (2018).
30. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Anazadehsayed, A., Hassanvand, A., and Moradi, R. "Calibration of lowpressure MEMS gas actuator for detection of hydrogen gas", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43(11), pp. 5770-5782 (2018).
31. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Mosavat, M., Domiri Ganji, D., Taeibi-Rahni, M., and Moradi, R. "Application of molecular force for mass analysis of Krypton/ Xenon mixture in low-pressure MEMS gas actuator", Vacuum, 150, pp. 207-215 (2018).
32. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Domiri Ganji, D., Shiryanpour, I., and Moradi, R. "Mass analysis of CH4/SO2 gas mixture by low-pressure MEMS gas actuator", Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 53, pp. 317-328 (2018).
33. Hassanvand, A., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Moradi, R., and Amini, Y. "Application of Knudsen thermal force for detection of inert gases", Results in Physics, 9, pp. 351-358 (2018).
34. Hariri, S., Mokhtari, M., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., and Fallah, K. "Numerical investigation of the heat transfer of a ferro
fluid inside a tube in the presence of a non-uniform magnetic field", The European Physical Journal Plus, 132(2), p. 65 (2017).
35. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Ganji, D.D., and Amini, Y. "Numerical study of shock wave interaction on transverse jets through multiport injector arrays in supersonic cross flow", Acta Astronautica, 115, pp. 422-433 (2015).
36. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Amini, Y., Ganji, D.D., Rahimi Takam, M. "The flow feature of transverse hydrogen jet in presence f micro air jets in supersonic  flow", Advances in Space Research, 59, pp. 1330-1340 (2017).
37. Hassanvand, A., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Fallah, K., and Moradi, R. "Effect of dual micro fuel jets on mixing performance of hydrogen in cavity flameholder at supersonic flow", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43, pp. 9829-9837 (2018).
38. Moradi, R., Mahyari, A., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Abdollahi, A., and Amini, Y. "Shape effect of cavity  flameholder on mixing zone of hydrogen jet at supersonic flow", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 43(33), pp. 16364-16372 (2018).
39. Fallah, K., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Ghaderi, A., and Alinejad, J. "The influence of micro air jets on mixing augmentation of fuel in cavity flameholder at supersonic flow", Aerospace Science and Technology, 76, pp. 187-193 (2018).
40. Moradi, R., Mosavat, M., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Abdollahi, A., and Amini, Y. "The influence of coolant jet direction on heat reduction on the nose cone with aerodome at supersonic flow", Acta Astronautica, 151, pp. 487-493 (2018).
41. Sheikholeslami, M., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Moradi, R., Shafee, A., and Zhixiong Li. "Application of neural network for estimation of heat transfer treatment of Al2O3-H2O nanofluid through a channel", Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 344, pp. 1-12 (2019).
42. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Sheikholeslami, M., Valiallah Mousavi, S., Anazadehsayed, A., and Moradi, R. "The influence of non-uniform magnetic field on heat transfer intensification of ferrofluid inside a Tjunction", Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 123, pp. 58-66 (2018). 
43. Mokhtari, M., Hariri, S., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., and Yeganeh, R. "Effect of non-uniform magnetic field on heat transfer of swirling ferrofluid  flow inside tube with twisted tapes", Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 117, pp. 70-79 (2017).
44. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M. and Moradi, R. "The influence of upstream wavy surface on the mixing zone of the transverse hydrogen jet at supersonic free stream", Aerospace Science and Technology, 94, p. 105407 (2019).
45. Mokhtari, M., Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Yeganeh, R., and Fallah, K. "Numerical study of mixed convection heat transfer of various fin arrangements in a horizontal channel", Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 20(3), pp. 1106-1114 (2017).
46. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Mokhtari, M., Bishehsari, Sh., and Fallah, K. "Mitigation of ammonia dispersion with mesh barrier under various atmospheric stability conditions", Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment, 10(3), pp. 125-136 (2016).
47. Sheikholeslami, M., Gerdroodbary, M.B., Moradi, R., Shafee, A., and Li, Z. "Numerical mesoscopic method for transportation of H2O-based nanofluid through a porous channel considering Lorentz forces", International Journal of Modern Physics C (IJMPC) 30 (02n03), pp. 1-13 (2019).
48. Pish, F., Moradi, R., Edalatpour, A., and Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M. "The effect of coolant injection from the tip of spike on aerodynamic heating of nose cone at supersonic flow", Acta Astronautica, 154, pp. 52-60 (2019).
49. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M. "Numerical analysis on cooling performance of counter flowing jet over aerodisked blunt body", Shock Waves, 24(5), pp. 537- 543 (2014).
50. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Ganji, D.D., and Amini, Y. "Numerical study of shock wave interaction on transverse jets through multiport injector arrays in supersonic cross flow", Acta Astronautica, 115, pp. 422-433 (2015).
51. Qin, Y. and Hiller. J.E. "Understanding pavementsurface energy balance and its implications on cool pavement development", Energy and Buildings, 85, pp. 389-399 (2014).
52. Gao, W., Liang, L., Xu, T.W., and Zhou, J.X. "Tight toughness condition for fractional (g,f,n)- critical graphs", Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society, 51(1), pp. 55-65 (2014).
53. Barzegar Gerdroodbary, M., Jahanian, O., and Mokhtari, M. "Influence of the angle of incident shock wave on mixing of transverse hydrogen microjets in supersonic cross flow", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40, pp. 9590-9601 (2015).
54. Bird, G.A. "Molecular gas dynamics", NASA STI/Recon Technical Report A.76 (1976).
55. OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox, User Guide, Version 1.6 (2009).
56. Qin, Y. "Pavement surface maximum temperature increases linearly with solar absorption and reciprocal thermal inertial", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 97, pp. 391-399 (2016).
57. Qin, Y., Liang, J., Tan, K., and Li, F. "A side by side comparison of the cooling effect of building blocks with retro-reflective and diffuse-reflective walls", SolarEnergy, 133, pp. 172 -179 (2016).
58. Qin, Y., Luo, J., Chen, Z., Mei, G., and Yan, L.-E. "Measuring the albedo of limited-extent targets  without the aid of known-albedo masks", Solar Energy, 171, pp. 971-976 (2018).
59. Qin, Y. "A review on the development of cool pavements to mitigate urban heat island effect", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, pp. 445-459 (2015).
60. Qin, Y., He, Y., Hiller, J.E., and Mei, G. "A new water-retaining paver block for reducing runoff and cooling pavement", Journal of Cleaner Production, 199, pp. 948-956 (2018).
61. Gao, W., Guirao, J.L.G., and Wu, H.L. "Two tight independent set conditions for fractional (g,f,m)-deleted graphs systems", Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems, 17(1), pp. 231-243 (2018).
62. Gao, W., Farahani, M.R., and Shi, L. "The forgotten topological index of some drug structures", Acta Medica Mediterranea, 32, pp. 579-585 (2016).
63. Gao, W., Siddiqui, M.K., Imran, M., Jamil, M.K., and Farahani, M.R. "Forgotten topological index of chemical structure in drugs", Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 24(3), pp. 258-264 (2016).
64. Sheikholeslami, M., Gerdroodbary, M.B., Shafee, A., Tlili, I. "Hybrid nanoparticles dispersion into water inside a porous wavy tank involving magnetic force", Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 141(5), pp. 1993-1999 (2020).https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08858-6.
65. Gao, W. and Wang. W.F. "Analysis of k-partite ranking algorithm in area under the receiver operating characteristic curve criterion", International Journal of Computer Mathematics, 95(8), pp. 1527-1547 (2018).
66. Gao, W. and Farahani, M.R. "Generalization bounds and uniform bounds for multi-dividing ontology algorithms with convex ontology loss function", The Computer Journal, 60(9), pp. 1289-1299 (2017).
67. Gao, W., Liang, L., Xu, T. W., and Gan, J.H. "Topics on data transmission problem in software definition network", Open Physics, 15, pp. 501-508 (2017).
68. Qin, Y., Zhang, M., and Mei, G. "A new simplified method for measuring the permeability characteristics of highly porous media", Journal of Hydrology, 562, pp. 725-732 (2018).
69. Qin, Y., Liang, J., Yang H., and Deng, Z. "Gas permeability of pervious concrete and its implications on the application of pervious pavements", Measurement, 78, pp. 104-110 (2016).
70. Qin, Y., He, Y., Wu, B., Ma, S., and Zhang, X. "Regulating top albedo and bottom emissivity of concrete roof tiles for reducing building heat gains", Energy and Buildings, 156(Supplement C), pp. 218-224 (2017).
71. Qin, Y. and He, H. "A new simplified method for measuring the albedo of limited extent targets", Solar Energy, 157(Supplement C), pp. 1047-1055 (2017).
72. Qin, Y., Zhang, M., and Hiller, J.E. "Theoretical and experimental studies on the daily accumulative heat gain from cool roofs", Energy, 129, pp. 138-147 (2017).
73. Tlili, I., Moradi, R., and Gerdroodbary, M.B. "Transient nanofluid squeezing cooling process using aluminum oxide nanoparticle", International Journal of Modern Physics C, C30(11), 1950078 (2019).
74. Gao, W., Yan, L., and Shi, L. "Generalized zagreb index of polyomino chains and nanotubes", Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials - Rapid Communications, 11(1-2), pp. 119-124 (2017).
75. Gao, W. and Wang, W.F. "A neighborhood union condition for fractional (k,m)-deleted graphs", Ars Combinatoria, 113A, pp. 225-233 (2014).
Scientia Iranica
Volume 27, Issue 6 - Serial Number 6
Transactions on Mechanical Engineering (B)
November and December 2020
Pages 2945-2953

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics