Application of endurance time method in seismic analysis of bridges

Document Type : Article

Authors

Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Iran.

Abstract

In this paper, the application of Endurance Time method in seismic analysis of bridges is explained. The Endurance Time method is a novel seismic analysis method based on time history analysis in which a structure is subjected to a predefined intensifying acceleration function. First, six concrete bridges were modeled. Three Endurance Time acceleration functions were applied to the models and the average of the responses were calculated. Next, the time history analysis was conducted using seven real accelerograms scaled using the method recommended by FHWA 2006 to be compatible with the design spectrum of seismic AASHTO guideline for a site with soil type C in Berkeley, California. The average of the responses of these seven analyses is considered as reference. Scaling the mentioned accelerograms over a wide range of hazard levels, Incremental dynamic analysis is performed. Finally, the comparison of the response of ET and time history analysis and also comparison of ETA with IDA curves reveals good agreement. The major advantage of ET method over time history and IDA methods is less computational effort needed for the analysis. This saving in time is resulted due to the possibility of predicting response by fewer analyses despite maintaining the necessary accuracy.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. References:

    1. Friedland, I.M., Buckle, I.G., and Lee, G.C. Highway bridge seismic design: summary of FHWA/MCEER project on seismic vulnerability of new highway construction", Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 1(1), pp. 10{19 (2002).
    2. Saadeghvariri, M.A. and Foutch, D. Dynamic behaviour of R/C highway bridges under the combined e_ect of vertical and horizontal earthquake motions", Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 20(6), pp. 535{549 (1991).
    3. Chen, Y. Modeling and analysis methods of bridges and their e_ects on seismic responses: I Theory", Computers & Structures, 59(1), pp. 81{98 (1996). 1760 E. Ghaffari et al./Scientia Iranica, Transactions A: Civil Engineering 27 (2020) 1751{1761
    4. Estekanchi, H., Riahi, H., and Vafai, A. Application of endurance time method in seismic assessment of steel frames", Engineering Structures, 33(9) pp. 2535{ 2546 (2011).
    5. Ghobarah, A. and Ali, H. Seismic performance of highway bridges", Engineering Structures, 10(3), pp. 157{166 (1988).
    6. Basim, M.C. and Estekanchi, H. Application of endurance time method in performance-based optimum design of structures", Structural safety (2015).
    7.  Estekanchi, H., Valamanesh, V., and Vafai, A. Application of endurance time method in linear seismic analysis", Engineering Structures, 29(10), pp. 2551{ 2562 (2007).
    8. Hariri-Ardebili, M.A., Furgani, L., Meghella, M., and Saouma, V.E. A new class of seismic damage and performance indices for arch dams via ETA method", Engineering Structures, 110(Supplement C), pp. 145{ 160 (2016).
    9. Hariri-Ardebili, M., Sattar, S., and Estekanchi, H. Performance-based seismic assessment of steel frames using endurance time analysis", Engineering Structures, 69 pp. 216{234 (2014).
    10. Estekanchi, H., Vafai, A., and Sadeghazar, M. Endurance time method for seismic analysis and design of structures", Scientia Iranica, 11(4), pp. 361{370 (2004). 11. Riahi, H. and Estekanchi, H. Seismic assessment of steel frames with the endurance time method", Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 66(6), pp. 780{792 (2010). 12. Mashayekhi, M. and Estekanchi, H. Investigation of strong-motion duration consistency in endurance time excitation functions", Scientia Iranica, Transaction A, Civil Engineering, 20(4), p. 1085 (2013). 13. Valamanesh, V., Estekanchi, H., and Vafai, A. Characteristics of second generation endurance time acceleration functions", Scientia Iranica, 17(1), pp. 53{61 (2010). 14. Estekanchi, H. Endurance time method website", Available at: https://sites.google.com/site/etmethod (2018). 15. INBC, Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings, Standard No. 2800 (2005). 16. ASCE, Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures, ASCE 7-05", American Society of Civil Engineers (2006). 17. FHWA Seismic retro_tting manual for highway structures: part 1-bridges", FHWA-HRT-06-032, Federal Highway Administration (2006). 18. Aviram, A., Mackie, K.R., and Stojadinovic, B., Guidelines for nonlinear analysis of bridge structures in California", 2008/03, PEER, Berkeley California (2008). 19. FEMA Quanti_cation of Building Seismic Performance Factors", FEMA P695,Washington, DC (2009). 20. PEER PEER Strong Motion Catalog", Available at: https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu/ (2017). 21. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C.A. Incremental dynamic analysis", Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 31(3), pp. 491{514 (2002). 22. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C.A. Applied incremental dynamic analysis", Earthquake Spectra, 20(2), pp. 523{553 (2004). 23. Mirzaee, A., Estekanchi, H., and Vafai, A. Improved methodology for endurance time analysis: From time to seismic hazard return period", Scientia Iranica, 19(5), pp. 1180{1187 (2012). 24. Bazmooneh, A. and Estekanchi, H. Determination of target time for endurance time method at di_erent seismic hazard levels", Scientia Iranica, 25(1), pp. (33){(49) (2018). 25. Hariri-Ardebili, M.A., Zarringhalam, Y., and Yahyai, M. A comparative study of IDA and ETA methods on steel moment frames using di_erent scalar intensity measures", Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, 15(1), pp. 69{79 (2013). 26. Basim, M.C. and Estekanchi, H.E. Application of endurance time method in value based seismic design of structures", In Second European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Istanbul (2014). 27. Solberg, K., Mander, J., and Dhakal, R. A rapid _nancial seismic risk assessment methodology with application to bridge piers", in 19th Biennial Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, Christchurch, New Zealand (2006).
Volume 27, Issue 4
Transactions on Civil Engineering (A)
July and August 2020
Pages 1751-1761
  • Receive Date: 21 November 2017
  • Revise Date: 01 July 2018
  • Accept Date: 27 October 2018