Morphologies, chemical compositions, bioactive compounds and heavy metal contamination in Paka-umpuel local rice in Surin province, Thailand

Wattanakornsiri, Amnuay; Khaengkhun, Napaporn; Insupan, Rapeepol; Tongnunui, Sampan; Phuengphai, Pongthipun

doi:10.24200/sci.2024.63448.8401

Morphologies, chemical compositions, bioactive compounds and heavy metal contamination in Paka-umpuel local rice in Surin province, Thailand

Document Type : Article

Authors

¹ Department of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin 32000, Thailand

² Department of Fundamental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin 32000, Thailand

³ Department of Biological and Natural Resource Science (Conservation Biology Program), Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi Campus, Kanchanaburi 71150, Thailand

10.24200/sci.2024.63448.8401

Abstract

Nutritional profiles and food safety are being concerned with consumers in recent years because they are directly involved with human health. Researches into favorable nutritional profiles and heavy metal contamination of rice are a foundation for future food security. In this study, we studied and compared morphologies, chemical compositions, bioactive compounds, and heavy metal contamination of Paka-umpuel local rice (PLR) variety from Surin province, Thailand, which nine PLR samples were divided into two groups based on different cultivation processes: four samples for organic rice (OR) and five samples for non-organic rice (NR). The results showed that the two rice groups differed significantly in morphological parameters, except the L/W of the OR and NR kernels. The PLR exhibited the average contents of ash (1.34%), moisture (10.62%), protein (9.01%), fat (3.36%), and carbohydrate (75.37%). Besides, the OR group showed the highest total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities (344.06 mg GAE/100 g DW and 158.09 mg VCE/100 g DW, respectively). Interestingly, none of the PLR samples were contaminated with toxic heavy metals. This study provides a better understanding of rice cultivars that should be selected for consumers, and serves as an interesting breeding site in Thailand for supporting the one health approach.

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