Performance investigation into a diesel engine under effective efficiency-power-power density conditions

Document Type : Article

Authors

Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Besiktas, Istanbul, TR.

Abstract

A performance analysis of a Diesel engine in terms of effective power (EP), effective power density (EPD) and effective efficiency (EE) has been performed using a novel realistic finite-time thermodynamics (FTT) modeling. The effects of design and operating parameters of the diesel cycle such as bore-stroke length ratio (d/L), equivalence ratio (ER), compression ratio (CR), cycle temperature ratio (CTR), cycle pressure ratio (CPR), stroke length (L), friction coefficient (FRC), engine speed (N), mean piston speed, inlet pressure and inlet temperature on the engine performance have been investigated. In addition, the energy losses depending on incomplete combustion (IC) , friction losses (FRL), heat transfer losses (HTRL) and exhaust output losses (EOL) have been described as fuel input energy. In order to acquire reasonable results, variable specific heats with respect to temperature for working fluid have been used. The results presented could be an essential tool for Diesel engine designers.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Refrences:
1.Al-Sarkhi, A., Al-Hinti, I., Abu-Nada, E., and Akash, B. Performance evaluation of irreversible Miller engine under various speci_c heat models", Int. Commun. Heat Mass., 34, pp. 897-906 (2007).
2. Al-Sarkhi, A., Akash, B., Abu-Nada, E., and Al-Hinti I. E_ciency of Atkinson engine at maximum power density using temperature dependent speci_c heats", JJMIE, 2, pp. 71-75 (2008).
3. Ge, Y., Chen, L., and Sun, F. Finite-time thermodynamic modeling and analysis for an irreversible dual cycle", Math. Comput. Model., 50, pp. 101-108 (2009). 4. Gonca, G. Thermo-ecological analysis of irreversible dual-miller cycle (DMC) engine based on the ecological coe_cient of performance (ECOP) criterion", Iran J. Sci. Technol. Trans. Eng., 41, pp. 269-280 (2017). 5. Ebrahimi, R. E_ects of equivalence ratio and mean piston speed on performance of an irreversible dual cycle", Acta Physica Polonica A, 120(3), pp. 384-389 (2011). 6. Ebrahimi, R. E_ect of expansion-compression ratio on performance of the miller cycle", Acta Physica Polonica A, 122(4), pp. 645-649 (2012). 7. Ebrahimi, R. Performance analysis of an irreversible Miller cycle with considerations of relative air-fuel ratio and stroke length", Applied Mathematical Modelling, 36, pp. 4073-4079 (2012). 8. Ebrahimi, R. Thermodynamic modeling of an Atkinson cycle with respect to relative air-fuel ratio, fuel mass ow rate and residual gases", Acta Physica Polonica A, 124(1), pp. 29-34 (2013). 9. Gahruei, M.H., Jeshvaghani, H.S., Vahidi, S., and Chen, L. Mathematical modeling and comparison of air standard dual and dual-Atkinson cycles with friction, heat transfer and variable speci_c-heats of the working uid", Applied Mathematical Modelling, 37, pp. 7319-7329 (2013). 10. Shadloo, M.S., Poultangarib, R., Abdollahzadeh, Jamalabadi, M.Y., and Rashidi, M.M. A new and e_cient mechanism for spark ignition engines", Energy Convers Manage, 96, pp. 418-429 (2015). 11. Mousapour, A., Hajipour, A., Rashidi, M.M., and Freidoonimehr, N. Performance evaluation of an irreversible Miller cycle comparing FTT (_nite-time thermodynamics) analysis and ANN (arti_cial neural network) prediction", Energy, 94, pp. 100-109 (2016). 12. Gonca, G. Exergetic and thermo-ecological performance analysis of a gas-Mercury combined turbine system (GMCTS)", Energy Conversion and Management, 151, pp. 32-42 (2017). 13. Gonca, G. Exergetic and ecological performance analyses of a gas turbine system with two intercoolers and two re-heaters", Energy, 124, pp. 579-588 (2017). G. Gonca and Y. Palaci/Scientia Iranica, Transactions B: Mechanical Engineering 26 (2019) 843{855 853 14. Gonca, G. and Sahin, B. Thermo-ecological performance analysis of a Joule-Brayton cycle (JBC) turbine with considerations of heat transfer losses and temperature-dependent speci_c heats", Energy Conversion and Management, 138, pp. 97-105 (2017). 15. Gonca, G. Investigation of the e_ects of steam injection on performance and NO emissions of a diesel engine running with ethanol-diesel blend", Energy Conversion and Management, 77, pp. 450-457 (2014). 16. Kokkulunk, G., Gonca, G., Ayhan, V., Cesur, I., and Parlak, A. Theoretical and experimental investigation of diesel engine with steam injection system on performance and emission parameters", Applied Thermal Engineering, 54, pp. 161-170 (2013). 17. Cesur, I., Parlak, A., Ayhan, V., Boru, B., and Gonca, G. The e_ects of electronic controlled steam injection on spark ignition engine", Applied Thermal Engineering, 55, pp. 61-68 (2013). 18. Gonca, G., Sahin, B., Parlak, A., Ayhan, V., Cesur, I., and Koksal, S. Application of the Miller cycle and turbo charging into a diesel engine to improve performance and decrease NO emissions", Energy, 93, pp. 795-800 (2015). 19. Kokkulunk, G., Parlak, A., Ayhan, V., Cesur, I., Gonca, G., and Boru, B. Theoretical and experimental investigation of steam injected diesel engine with EGR", Energy, 74, pp. 331-339 (2014). 20. Gonca, G. Performance analysis of an Atkinson cycle engine under e_ective power and e_ective power density conditions", Acta Physica Polonica A, 132, pp. 1306-1313 (2017). 21. Gonca, G. An optimization study on an eco-friendly engine cycle named as dual-miller cycle (DMC) for marine vehicles", Polish Maritime Research, 24, pp. 86-98 (2017). 22. Gonca, G. Energy and exergy analyses of single and double reheat irreversible Rankine cycle", International Journal of Exergy, 18, pp. 402-422 (2015). 23. Kokkulunk, G., Gonca, G., and Parlak, A. The e_ects of design parameters on performance and NO emissions of steam-injected diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation", Arabian Journal For Science and Engineering, 39, pp. 4119-4129 (2014). 24. Gonca, G. and Sahin, B. Performance optimization of an air-standard irreversible dual-atkinson cycle engine based on the ecological coe_cient of performance criterion", Scienti_c World Journal, 815787, pp. 1-10 (2014). 25. Gonca, G., Sahin, B., Ust, Y., and Parlak, A. Determination of the optimum temperatures and mass ratios of steam injected into turbocharged internal combustion engines", Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 5, 023119, pp. 1-13 (2013). 26. Ust, Y., Gonca, G., and Kayadelen H.K. Determination of optimum reheat pressures for single and double reheat irreversible Rankine cycle", Journal of the Energy Institute, 84, pp. 215-219 (2011). 27. Chen, L., Zeng, F., Sun, F., and Wu, C. Heat transfer e_ect on net work and/or power as function of e_ciency for air-standard Diesel cycles", Energy, 21(12), pp. 1201-1205 (1996). 28. Chen, L., Lin, J., Luo, J., Sun, F., and Wu, C. Friction e_ect on the characteristic performance of diesel cycles", Int. J. Energy Res., 26(11), pp. 965-971 (2002). 29. Ge, Y., Chen, L., Sun, F., and Wu, C. Performance of Diesel cycle with heat transfer, friction and variable speci_c heats of working uid", J. Energy Inst., 80(4), pp. 239-242 (2007). 30. Ge, Y., Chen, L., Sun, F., and Wu, C. Performance of an endoreversible Diesel cycle with variable speci_c heats of working uid", Int. J. Ambient Energy, 29(3), pp. 127-136 (2008). 31. Ge, Y., Chen, L., and Sun, F. Finite time thermodynamic modeling and analysis for an irreversible Diesel cycle", Proc. IMechE, Part D: J. Automob. Eng., 222(D5), pp. 887-894 (2008). 32. Ge, Y., Chen, L., and Sun, F. Optimal paths of piston motion of irreversible Diesel cycle for minimum entropy generation", Therm. Sci., 15(4), pp. 975-993 (2011). 33. Chen, L., Xia, S., and Sun, F. Optimizing piston velocity pro_le for maximum work output from a generalized radiative law Diesel engine", Math. Comput. Model., 54(9-10), pp. 2051-2063 (2011). 34. Xia, S., Chen, L., and Sun, F. Engine performance improved by controlling piston motion: linear phenomenological law system Diesel cycle", Int. J. Therm. Sci., 51(1), pp. 163-174 (2012). 35. Ge, Y., Chen, L., and Sun, F. Progress in _nite time thermodynamic studies for internal combustion engine cycles", Entropy, 18(4), p. 139 (2016). 36. Gonca, G. E_ects of engine design and operating parameters on the performance of a spark ignition (SI) engine with steam injection method (SIM)", Applied Mathematical Modelling, 44, pp. 655-675 (2017). 37. Gonca, G. Thermodynamic analysis and performance maps for the irreversible Dual-Atkinson cycle engine (DACE) with considerations of temperaturedependent speci_c heats, heat transfer and friction losses", Energy Conversion and Management, 111, pp. 205-216 (2016). 38. Gonca, G. Performance analysis and optimization of irreversible Dual-Atkinson cycle engine (DACE) with heat transfer e_ects under maximum power and maximum power density conditions", Applied Mathematical Modelling, 40, pp. 6725-6736 (2016). 39. Gonca, G. Comparative performance analyses of irreversible OMCE (Otto Miller cycle engine)-DiMCE (Diesel Miller cycle engine)-DMCE (dual Miller cycle engine)", Energy, 109, pp. 152-159 (2016). 40. Gonca, G. Investigation of the inuences of steam injection on the equilibrium combustion products and thermodynamic properties of bio fuels (biodiesels and alcohols)", Fuel, 144, pp. 244-258 (2015). 854 G. Gonca and Y. Palaci/Scientia Iranica, Transactions B: Mechanical Engineering 26 (2019) 843{855 41. Gonca, G. and Sahin, B. Simulation of performance and nitrogen oxide formation of a hydrogen-enriched diesel engine with the steam injection method", Thermal Science, 19, pp. 1985-1994 (2015). 42. Gonca G., and S_ahin B. The inuences of the engine design and operating parameters on the performance of a turbocharged and steam injected diesel engine running with the Miller cycle", Applied Mathematical Modelling, 40, pp. 3764-3782 (2016). 43. Gonca, G. and S_ahin B. Thermo-ecological performance analyses and optimizations of irreversible gas cycle engines", Applied Thermal Engineering, 105, pp. 566-576 (2016). 44. Gonca, G. and S_ahin B. E_ect of turbo charging and steam injection methods on the performance of a Miller cycle diesel engine (MCDE)", Applied Thermal Engineering, 118, pp. 138-146 (2017). 45. Gonca, G., Sahin, B., Ust, Y., and Parlak, A. A study on late intake valve closing Miller cycled diesel engine", Arab. J. Sci. Eng., 38, pp. 383-393 (2013). 46. Gonca, G., Sahin, B., and Ust, Y. Performance maps for an air-standard irreversible dual-Miller cycle (DMC) with late inlet valve closing (LIVC) version", Energy, 5, pp. 285-290 (2013). 47. Gonca, G., Sahin, B., and Ust, Y. Investigation of heat transfer inuences on performance of airstandard irreversible dual-Miller cycle", Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, 29, pp. 678-683 (2015). 48. Gonca, G., S_ahin, B., Parlak, A., Ust, Y., Ayhan, V., Cesur, I., and Boru, B. Theoretical and experimental investigation of the Miller cycle diesel engine in terms of performance and emission parameters", Applied Energy, 138, pp. 11-20 (2015). 49. Gonca, G., S_ahin, B., Ust, Y., Parlak, A., and Safa, A. Comparison of steam injected diesel engine and Miller cycled diesel engine by using two zone combustion model", Journal of the Energy Institute, 88, pp. 43- 52 (2015). 50. Gonca, G., Sahin, B., Parlak, A., Ust, Y., Ayhan, V., Cesur, I., and Boru, B. The e_ects of steam injection on the performance and emission parameters of a Miller cycle Diesel engine", Energy, 78, pp. 266- 275 (2014). 51. Gonca, G., S_ahin, B., Ust, Y., and Parlak, A. Comprehensive performance analyses and optimization of the irreversible thermodynamic cycle engines (TCE) under maximum power (MP) and maximum power density (MPD) conditions", Applied Thermal Engineering, 85, pp. 9-20 (2015). 52. Gonca, G., S_ahin, B., Parlak, A., Ayhan, V., Cesur I., and Koksal, S. Investigation of the e_ects of the steam injection method (SIM) on the performance and emission formation of a turbocharged and Miller cycle diesel engine (MCDE)", Energy, 119, pp. 926- 937 (2017). 53. Gonca, G. and Dobrucali, E. Theoretical and experimental study on the performance of a diesel engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel blends", Renewable Energy, 93, pp. 658-666 (2016). 54. Gonca, G. and Dobrucali, E. The e_ects of engine design and operating parameters on the performance of a diesel engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel blends", Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 8(025702), pp. 1-13 (2016). 55. Gonca, G. Inuences of di_erent fuel kinds and engine design parameters on the performance characteristics and NO formation of a spark ignition (SI) engine", Applied Thermal Engineering, 127, pp. 194-202 (2017). 56. Al-Hinti, I., Akash, B., Abu-Nada, E., and Al-Sarkhi, A. Performance analysis of air-standard Diesel cycle using an alternative irreversible heat transfer approach", Energy Convers. Manage., 49(11), pp. 3301- 3304 (2008). 57. Sakhrieh, A., Abu-Nada, E., Akash, B., Al-Hinti, I., and Al-Ghandoor, A. Performance of a diesel engine using a gas mixture with variable speci_c heats model", J. Energy Inst., 83, pp. 217-224 (2010). 58. Durmayaz, A., Sogut, O.S., Sahin, B., and Yavuz, H., Optimization of thermal systems based on _nite-time thermodynamics and thermoeconomics", Prog. Energ. Combust. Sci., 30, pp. 175-217 (2004). 59. Hou, S.S. Heat transfer e_ects on the performance of an air standard dual cycle", Energy Conversion and Management, 45(18-19), pp. 3003-3015 (2004). 60. Ust, Y., Sahin, B., Gonca, G., and Kayadelen, H.K. Heat transfer e_ects on the performance of an airstandard irreversible dual cycle", International Journal of Vehicle Design, 63(1), pp. 102-116 (2013). 61. Xia, S., Chen, L., and Sun, F. Engine performance improved by controlling piston motion: Linear phenomenological law system Diesel cycle", International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 51, pp. 163-174 (2012). 62. Basbous, T., Younes, R., Ilinca, A., and Perron, J. Pneumatic hybridization of a diesel engine using compressed air storage for wind-diesel energy generation", Energy, 38(1), pp. 264-275 (2012). 63. Fu, J., Liu, J., Ilinca, A., Ren, C., Wang, L., Deng, B., and Xu, Z. An open steam power cycle used for IC engine exhaust gas energy recovery", Energy, 44(1), pp. 544-554 (2012). 64. Jain, N. and Alleyne, A.G. A framework for the optimization of integrated energy systems", Applied Thermal Engineering, 48, pp. 495-505 (2012). 65. Aydin, H. Combined e_ects of thermal barrier coating and blending with diesel fuel on usability of vegetable oils in diesel engines", Applied Thermal Engineering, 51(1-2), 623-629 (2013). 66. Li, J., Yang, W.M., Goh, T.N., An, H., and Maghbouli, A. Adjusting the operating characteristics to improve the performance of an emulsi_ed palm oil methyl ester run diesel engine", Energy Conversion and Management, 69, pp. 191-198 (2013). G. Gonca and Y. Palaci/Scientia Iranica, Transactions B: Mechanical Engineering 26 (2019) 843{855 855 67. Sprouse, C. and Depcik, C. Review of organic Rankine cycles for internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat recovery", Applied Thermal Engineering, 51(1-2), pp. 711-722 (2013). 68. Lee, D.H., Park, J.S., Ryu, M.R., and Park, J.H. Development of a highly e_cient low-emission diesel engine-powered co-generation system and its optimization using Taguchi method", Applied Thermal Engineering, 50(1), pp. 491-495 (2013). 69. Debnath, B.K., Sahoo, N., and Saha, U.K. Adjusting the operating characteristics to improve the performance of an emulsi_ed palm oil methyl ester run diesel engine", Energy Conversion and Management, 69, pp. 191-198 (2013). 70. Abedin, M.J., Masjuki, H.H., Kalam, M.A., Sanjid, A., and Ashraful, A.M. Combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of low heat rejection engine operating on various biodiesels and vegetable oils", Energy Conversion and Management, 85, pp. 173-189 (2014). 71. Chintala, V. and Subramanian, K.A. Assessment of maximum available work of a hydrogen fueled compression ignition engine using exergy analysis", Energy, 67, pp. 162-175 (2014). 72. A_c_kkalp, E., Aras, H., and Hepbasli, A. Advanced exergoeconomic analysis of a trigeneration system using a diesel-gas engine", Applied Thermal Engineering, 67(1-2), pp. 388-395 (2014). 73. Ge, Y., Chen, L., Sun, F., and Wu, C. Finite- Time Thermodynamic Modelling and Analysis of an Irreversible Otto-Cycle", Appl. Energy, 85, pp. 618- 624 (2008). 74. Ebrahimi, R. Thermodynamic modeling of performance of a Miller cycle with engine speed and variable speci_c heat ratio of working uid", Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 62, pp. 2169-2176 (2011). 75. Ebrahimi, R. E_ects of mean piston speed, equivalence ratio and cylinder wall temperature on performance of an Atkinson engine", Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 53, pp. 1289-1297 (2011). 76. Ferguson, C.R. Fuel, air and combustion thermo dynamics", In Internal Combustion Engines-Applied Thermosciences, pp. 103-144, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, USA (1986). 77. Gonca, G., Cakir, M., and Sahin, B. Performance characteristics and emission formations of a Spark Ignition (SI) engine fueled with di_erent gaseous fuels", Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 43, pp. 4487-4499 (2018). 78. Hohenberg, G., Advanced Approaches for Heat Transfer Calculations, SAE, 790825 (1979). 79. Lin, J., Chen, L., Wu, C., and Sun, F. Finite-time thermodynamic performance of a dual cycle", Int. J. Energy Res., 23(9), pp. 765-772 (1999).