Sharif University of Technology Scientia Iranica 1026-3098 Articles in Press 2025 05 11 An adaptive reversible data hiding scheme based on histogram shifting using decimal floating signed-digit stream 23867 10.24200/sci.2025.65327.9425 EN Reza Ghorbandost Soveiri Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-6117-7534 Maryam Rajabzadeh Asaar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-8333-8394 Journal Article 2024 09 30 This paper proposes a novel method based on histogram shifting using signed digits for data hiding. Our proposed method takes the prediction errors obtained from the original image using a 4×4 block-wise prediction. Then, we embed the information in the prediction errors of the image using the histogram shifting technique. A crucial point regarding the embeddable data in this method is that we divide the binary stream into equal parts of two, three, or four bits. For each two, three, or four-bit digit, we consider a numerical equivalent using the approach described in this paper. Subsequently, based on each of the signed digits, assigned floating numbers are used to represent the embeddable information instead of the binary stream. Experimental results for a sample image, "Airplane", with four-bit data segmentation demonstrate an outstanding embedding capacity of 825,080 bits and a PSNR of 33.87 dB, indicating that our proposed scheme achieves a remarkably high embedding capacity while maintaining an acceptable visual quality. https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_23867_c601882dfe37cf36a056d638e53ee66b.pdf