ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Performance of CFRP Confined Pultruded GFRP-Concrete Composite Columns Subjected to Cyclic and Monotonic Compressive Loading
presented in this paper. The confinement and composite action between the constituent materials result in enhanced compressive strength and ductility of the proposed composite columns compared to traditional reinforced concrete columns. Advantages of FRP products in comparison with other materials include light weight, high specific strength, corrosion resistance, and low maintenance cost. This research showed that pultruded GFRP I-shapes can improve the structural performance of the concrete columns satisfactorily. The effectiveness of discrete and continuous CFRP wrapping arrangements for pultrusion–concrete composite short column subjected to axial compressive loading is assessed in this study. The experimental program is composed of one series of composite columns with discrete wrapping arrangements and one series of full wrapped composite columns. A numerical model was developed to predict the behavior of the FRP-confined composite columns subjected to axial compressive loading. The damage mechanisms of the columns wrapped by the composite layers strongly depend on the chosen materials. The results of finite element models are compared with the data obtained from the carried out experimental program and this comparison showed a good agreement exists between those.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21803_656c774a5c2d2d9762b3ac54c9ce572d.pdf
2020-08-01
1685
1698
10.24200/sci.2020.21803
column
Composite
concrete
CFRP
Pultrusion
Compression
Cyclic
M.
Ishaqian
m.ishaqian@aut.ac.ir
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box: 15875-4413
AUTHOR
A.
Keramati
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box: 15875-4413
LEAD_AUTHOR
References:
1
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exure", Eng Struct, 33, pp. 3527-3536 (2011).
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65
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the response modification factor of RC structures constructed with bubble deck system
As the concrete material is eliminated from the locations situated around the middle of the cross-sections of bubble decks (BDs), the BD type slabs are lighter than the traditional slabs. In the recent researches, the response modification factor (RMF) is generally determined for the reinforced concrete (RC) structures with the moment-resisting frame (MRF) and dual systems. The dual system comprise mainly the MRF with shear wall (MRFSW), as well as the flat slab having chiefly the BD system. In this paper, the evaluation of values of the RMF of RC structures using BD system are submitted. The obtained results indicate that the lateral strengths of buildings increase by increasing the span length to story height ratio (L/H). Besides, the variations of the span length and the number of the story have more effects than the variation of the usage category buildings on the RMF of structures. Furthermore, the span length has more effect than the number of stories in determining RMF in an MRF. Finally, amongst the building with dual system structures including MRFSW, the low-rise building structures have an RMF equal to 5, and both the mid-rise and high-rise building structures have an RMF of 7.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21050_e8c8940ffda280d50baa226956d78b6f.pdf
2020-08-01
1699
1713
10.24200/sci.2018.21050
bubble deck
Response modification factor
nonlinear static analysis
seismic behavior
Reinforced concrete
S.Sh.
Hashemi
sh.hashemi@pgu.ac.ir
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, P.O. Box 75169-13817, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
K.
Sadeghi
kabirsadeghi@gmail.com
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Near East University, ZIP Code 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey.
AUTHOR
M.
Vaghefi
vaghefi@pgu.ac.ir
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, P.O. Box 75169-13817, Iran.
AUTHOR
S.A.
Siadat
4
Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University of Bushehr, Varzesh Street, Bushehr, P.O. Box 75196-1955, Iran.
AUTHOR
References:
1
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33. Hashemi, S.SH. and Vaghefi, M. "Investigation of bond slip effect on the P-M interaction surface of RC columns under biaxial bending", Scientia Iranica, Transactions A, 22(2), pp. 388-399 (2015).
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35. Mortezaei, A. and Zahrai, S.M. "A proposed equation for the estimation of plastic hinge length of RC columns subjected to ground motions", Journal of Computational Methods in Engineering (Esteghlal), 31(2), pp. 39-59 (2013).
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41. Sadeghi, K. "Numerical simulation and experimental test of compression confined and unconfined concretes", Technical Report Submitted to Water Resources Management Organization, Ministry of Energy, Concrete Laboratory of Power and Water University of Technology, Tehran (2002).
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44. Sadeghi, K. "Nonlinear static-oriented pushover analysis of reinforced concrete columns using variable oblique finite-element discretization", International Journal of Civil Engineering, 14(5), pp. 295-306 (2016).
45
45. Sadeghi, K. and Nouban, F. "Behavior modeling and damage quantification of confined concrete under cyclic loading", Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 61(5), pp. 625-635 (2017).
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47
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Dynamic response of concrete funicular shells with a rectangular base under impulse loads
Funicular shells are thin doubly curved shallow shells which are in compression under dead weight due to their shape. In this study, an analytical approach is employed to consider forced linear vibration of concrete funicular shells with rectangular base under impulse loads based on shallow shells theory. Two boundary conditions simply supported and clamped, both are considered. The solution is obtained by Lagrangian approach. Accuracy of the results has been considered by comparing the results with those of finite element method. The results indicate that under impulse loads, stresses in funicular shells are not only compressive, but also tensile stresses are formed.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_20643_1d3bac5b10d7c97b427eb31fa369a796.pdf
2020-08-01
1714
1727
10.24200/sci.2018.20643
Forced Linear Vibration
Doubly Curved Shallow Shells
Funicular Shells
Lagrange Equations
Finite Element Method
H.
Sabermahany
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Vafai
hvafai@email.arizona.edu
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
M.
Mofid
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
References:
1
1. Bhimaraddi, A. 'Free vibration analysis of doubly curved shallow shells on rectangular planform using three-dimensional elasticity theory", Int. J. Solids Struct., 27(7), pp. 897-913 (1991).
2
2. Singh, V.K. and Panda, S.K. 'Nonlinear free vibration analysis of single/doubly curved composite shallow shell panels", Thin Walled Struct., 85, pp. 341-349 (2014).
3
3. Qatu, M.S. and Leissa, A.W. 'Effects of edge constraint upon shallow shell frequencies", Thin Walled Struct., 14(5), pp. 347-379 (1992).
4
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23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Optimal objective function for simulating endurance time excitations
Endurance Time (ET) method is a dynamic analysis procedure in which increasing excitations are imposed on structures; these excitations are known as Endurance Time excitation functions (ETEF). This study presents a method to find the optimal objective function for simulating ETEFs which unconstrained optimization problems are. In optimization problems, equations are defined in term of an objective function. In the problem of simulating ETEFs, the objective function can be defined in many different ways regarding considered intensity measures and respective weighting factors. In addition, the type of calculating residuals (absolute way or relative way) diversifies objective function definitions. The proposed method for determining optimal objective function includes quantifying the accuracy of ETEFs in a scalar quantity regardless of their objective functions and introducing an approach to overcome the dependence of results on initial points of optimizations. The proposed method is applied and results are then presented. It is observed that considering only acceleration spectra and calculating residuals in the relative way creates more accurate ETEFs.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21127_fd7bb5ce0dc9af1056d97bbcadfc95d2.pdf
2020-08-01
1728
1739
10.24200/sci.2018.5388.1244
Endurance Time method
optimization
objective function
response spectra
Time history dynamic analysis
M.
Mashayekhi
mmashayekhi67@gmail.com
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.E.
Estekanchi
stkanchi@sharif.edu
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Iran
AUTHOR
A.
Vafai
vafai@sharif.edu
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Iran
AUTHOR
References:
1
1. Estekanchi, H.E., Vafai, A., and Sadeghazar, M. "Endurance time method for seismic analysis and design of structures", Scientia Iranica, 11(4), pp. 361-370 (2004).
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5. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C.A. "Incremental dynamic analysis", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D, 31(3), pp. 491-514 (2002).
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8. Riahi, H.T., Estekanchi, H.E., and Vafai, A. "Seismic assessment of steel frames with the endurance time method", J. Construct. Steel. Res., 66(6), pp. 780-792 (2010).
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9. Mirzaee, A. and Estekanchi, H.E. "Performance-based seismic retrofitting of steel frames by endurance time method", Earthquake Spectra, 31(1), pp. 383-402 (2015).
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10. Rahimi, E. and Estekanchi, H.E. "Collapse assessment of steel moment frames using endurance time method", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 14(2), pp. 347-360 (2015).
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11. Basim, M.C. and Estekanchi, H.E. "Application of endurance time method in performance-based optimum design of structures", Struct. Saf., 56, pp. 52-67 (2015).
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12. Tafakori, E., Pourzeynali, S., and Estekanchi, H.E. "Probabilistic seismic loss estimation via endurance time method", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 16(1), pp. 233- 245 (2017).
13
13. Chiniforush, A.A., Estekanchi, H., and Dolatshahi, K.M. "Application of endurance time analysis in seismic evaluation of an unreinforced masonry monument", J. Struct. Eng., 23(3), pp. 827-841 (2016).
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14. Vaezi, D., Estekanchi, H.E., and Vafai, A. "A parametric study of seismic response in anchored steel tanks with endurance time method", Scientia Iranica, 21(5), pp. 1608-1619 (2014).
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15. Nozari, A. and Estekanchi, H.E. "Optimization of endurance time acceleration functions for seismic assessment of structures", Int. J. Optim. Civ. Eng., 2, pp. 257-277 (2011).
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16. Kaveh, A. and Mahdavi, V.R. "Generation of endurance time acceleration functions using the wavelet transform", Int. J. Optim. Civ. Eng., 2(2), pp. 203- 219 (2012).
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17. Kaveh, A., Kalateh, M., and Estekanchi, H.E. "Production of endurance time excitation function: The CMA evolution strategy approach", Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transaction of Civil Engineering, 37, pp. 383-394 (2013).
18
18. Mashayekhi, M. and Estekanchi, H.E. "Investigation of strong-motion duration consistency in endurance time excitation functions", Scientia Iranica, 20(4), pp. 1085-1093 (2013).
19
19. Mashayekhi, M. and Estekanchi, H.E. "Investigation of non-linear cycles' properties in structures subjected to endurance time excitation functions", Int. J. Optim. Civ. Eng., 3(2), pp. 239-257 (2013).
20
20. Mashayekhi, M. and Estekanchi, H.E. "Significance of effective number of cycle in endurance time", Asian Journal of Civil Engineering (Building and Housing), 13(5), pp. 647-657 (2012).
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23. Mashayekhi, M., Estekanchi, H.E., and Vafai, H. "Simulation of endurance time excitations using increasing sine functions", Int. J. Optim. Civ. Eng., 9(1), pp. 65- 77 (2018).
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prediction of subgrade reaction modulus of clayey soil using group method of data handling
Settlement-based designs for foundations, using subgrade reaction modulus (K_s), is an important technique in geotechnical engineering. Plate load test (PLT) is one of the commonly applied methods to directly determine K_s. As the determination of the K_s from PLT—especially at depths—is relatively costly and time-consuming, it is necessary to develop models that can handle simply determinable properties. In the present study, the suitability of the Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH)-type neural network (NN) to estimate the subgrade reaction modulus of clayey soils has been investigated. In order to derive GMDH models, a database containing 123 datasets compiled from geotechnical investigation sites in Qazvin, Iran, has been used. The performance of the GMDH models has been compared with other available correlations for clayey soils, and it has been demonstrated that an improvement in estimating the K_s has been achieved. Finally, a sensitivity analysis has been conducted on the proposed models, showing that the proposed K_s is considerably influenced by changing the LL value.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_20822_d72d84e9795ee3d55fc7758453f1d41e.pdf
2020-08-01
1740
1750
10.24200/sci.2018.5586.1357
Subgrade reaction modulus
Plate load test
Neural network
Clay
Group method of data handling
S.A.
Naeini
naeini_h@ikiu.ac.ir
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
R.
Ziaie Moayed
ziaie@eng.ikiu.ac.ir
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
A.
Kordnaeij
a.kordnaeij@edu.ikiu.ac.ir
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
AUTHOR
H.
Mola-Abasi
hma@gonbad.ac.ir
4
Department of Civil Engineering, Gonbadekavous University, Gonbadekavous, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
References:
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68
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of endurance time method in seismic analysis of bridges
In this paper, the application of Endurance Time method in seismic analysis of bridges is explained. The Endurance Time method is a novel seismic analysis method based on time history analysis in which a structure is subjected to a predefined intensifying acceleration function. First, six concrete bridges were modeled. Three Endurance Time acceleration functions were applied to the models and the average of the responses were calculated. Next, the time history analysis was conducted using seven real accelerograms scaled using the method recommended by FHWA 2006 to be compatible with the design spectrum of seismic AASHTO guideline for a site with soil type C in Berkeley, California. The average of the responses of these seven analyses is considered as reference. Scaling the mentioned accelerograms over a wide range of hazard levels, Incremental dynamic analysis is performed. Finally, the comparison of the response of ET and time history analysis and also comparison of ETA with IDA curves reveals good agreement. The major advantage of ET method over time history and IDA methods is less computational effort needed for the analysis. This saving in time is resulted due to the possibility of predicting response by fewer analyses despite maintaining the necessary accuracy.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21089_8d2c12a96d656aba19f345e71b768b50.pdf
2020-08-01
1751
1761
10.24200/sci.2018.5041.1382
Endurance Time method
Bridge
nonlinear dynamic analysis
Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA)
Intensifying dynamic excitation
Life Cycle Cost analysis
E.
Ghaffari
ghaffari@alum.sharif.edu
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.E.
Estekanchi
stkanchi@sharif.edu
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Iran.
AUTHOR
A.
Vafai
vafai@sharif.edu
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-9313, Iran.
AUTHOR
References:
1
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Basim, M.C. and Estekanchi, H. Application of endurance time method in performance-based optimum design of structures", Structural safety (2015).
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Hariri-Ardebili, M.A., Furgani, L., Meghella, M., and Saouma, V.E. A new class of seismic damage and performance indices for arch dams via ETA method", Engineering Structures, 110(Supplement C), pp. 145{ 160 (2016).
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Hariri-Ardebili, M., Sattar, S., and Estekanchi, H. Performance-based seismic assessment of steel frames using endurance time analysis", Engineering Structures, 69 pp. 216{234 (2014).
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Estekanchi, H., Vafai, A., and Sadeghazar, M. Endurance time method for seismic analysis and design of structures", Scientia Iranica, 11(4), pp. 361{370 (2004). 11. Riahi, H. and Estekanchi, H. Seismic assessment of steel frames with the endurance time method", Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 66(6), pp. 780{792 (2010). 12. Mashayekhi, M. and Estekanchi, H. Investigation of strong-motion duration consistency in endurance time excitation functions", Scientia Iranica, Transaction A, Civil Engineering, 20(4), p. 1085 (2013). 13. Valamanesh, V., Estekanchi, H., and Vafai, A. Characteristics of second generation endurance time acceleration functions", Scientia Iranica, 17(1), pp. 53{61 (2010). 14. Estekanchi, H. Endurance time method website", Available at: https://sites.google.com/site/etmethod (2018). 15. INBC, Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings, Standard No. 2800 (2005). 16. ASCE, Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures, ASCE 7-05", American Society of Civil Engineers (2006). 17. FHWA Seismic retro_tting manual for highway structures: part 1-bridges", FHWA-HRT-06-032, Federal Highway Administration (2006). 18. Aviram, A., Mackie, K.R., and Stojadinovic, B., Guidelines for nonlinear analysis of bridge structures in California", 2008/03, PEER, Berkeley California (2008). 19. FEMA Quanti_cation of Building Seismic Performance Factors", FEMA P695,Washington, DC (2009). 20. PEER PEER Strong Motion Catalog", Available at: https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu/ (2017). 21. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C.A. Incremental dynamic analysis", Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 31(3), pp. 491{514 (2002). 22. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C.A. Applied incremental dynamic analysis", Earthquake Spectra, 20(2), pp. 523{553 (2004). 23. Mirzaee, A., Estekanchi, H., and Vafai, A. Improved methodology for endurance time analysis: From time to seismic hazard return period", Scientia Iranica, 19(5), pp. 1180{1187 (2012). 24. Bazmooneh, A. and Estekanchi, H. Determination of target time for endurance time method at di_erent seismic hazard levels", Scientia Iranica, 25(1), pp. (33){(49) (2018). 25. Hariri-Ardebili, M.A., Zarringhalam, Y., and Yahyai, M. A comparative study of IDA and ETA methods on steel moment frames using di_erent scalar intensity measures", Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, 15(1), pp. 69{79 (2013). 26. Basim, M.C. and Estekanchi, H.E. Application of endurance time method in value based seismic design of structures", In Second European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Istanbul (2014). 27. Solberg, K., Mander, J., and Dhakal, R. A rapid _nancial seismic risk assessment methodology with application to bridge piers", in 19th Biennial Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, Christchurch, New Zealand (2006).
11
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Volume change behavior of stabilized expansive clay with lignosulfonate
This paper presents the swelling and consolidation characteristics of Lignosulfonate (LS) stabilized expansive clay. Expansive clay samples of Amol city in Iran have been used in this research. Based on Atterberg limits and unconfined compressive strength tests, optimum percentage of LS for treatment of this clay was determined 0.75% by soil dry weight. To investigate swelling and consolidation properties of untreated and LS-treated remoulded samples, one dimensional swell and consolidation tests were conducted on these samples. Test results showed that LS has considerable effect on the consolidation and swelling behavior of the expansive clay. Moreover, the effects of compaction water content change and cyclic wetting and drying on the volume change properties of unstabilized and LS-stabilized samples were investigated. Untreated and LS-treated specimens showed different consolidation behavior to the changes of compaction moisture content due to the altering of soil expansivity category from high to moderate. The SEM images of samples showed that the soil specific area was reduced because of stabilization. This reduction in soil specific area was led to the decrease of affinity of samples to moisture increase, so the volume change of expansive clay was decreased.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_20824_aa5ce46991b007e3f79fe8e169169694.pdf
2020-08-01
1762
1775
10.24200/sci.2018.50210.1575
Lignosulfonate
Stabilization
Expansive clay
Swelling properties
Consolidation properties
Wet and dry cycles
R.
Noorzad
rn0864@gmail.com
1
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
B.
Tanegonbadi
bahram.gonbadi@gmail.com
2
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
AUTHOR
References:
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53
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Damage detection in frame structures using noisy accelerometers and Damage Load Vectors (DLV)
In the area of damage detection, there have been many notable methods introduced in the past years. Damage Load Vectors (DLV) is among the most powerful methods, which computes a set of load vectors from variations in flexibility matrices of a frame in the undamaged and damaged conditions. These flexibility matrices are derived from acceleration responses of the frame which can be captured using accelerometers. The DLV method then scrutinizes this shift among the flexibility matrices, which ultimately enables locating the damaged member(s). This study holistically conducted seven experimental tests, with seven damage scenarios of a test frame installed on a semi-harmonic shaking table. The DLV method was subsequently employed to locate the damaged members using recorded frame vibration data obtained from ‘noisy’ accelerometers positioned on the frame at eight predefined locations. The Eigen Realization Algorithm (ERA) alongside Pandy’s recommendations were adapted herein to facilitate generation of accurate flexibility matrices derived from the noisy accelerometers. The outcome is very encouraging with accurate identification of damaged members in all seven damage scenarios without any ‘positive-false’ and ‘negative-false’ findings. Additionally, there is a decrease (from 0.045 to 0.289) in the accuracy of WSI index when the number of damaged members is increased.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21123_2145387409498c3912284ba5ba20f0f2.pdf
2020-08-01
1776
1785
10.24200/sci.2018.50533.1741
Vibration
Damage detection
load vector
flexibility matrix
modal analysis
I.
Toloue
toloue.iraj@gmail.com
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Perak, Malaysia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.S.
Liew
shahir_liew@utp.edu.my
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Perak, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
I.S..
Hamonangan Harahap
indrasati@utp.edu.my
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Perak, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
H.E.
Lee
aaronlhe@gmail.com
4
Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Perak, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
References:
1
1. Naderpour, H., Ezzodin, A., Kheyroddin, A., and Amiri, G.G. "Signal processing based damage detection of concrete bridge piers subjected to consequent excitations", J. Vibroengineering, 19(3), pp. 2080- 2089 (2017).
2
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3. George, R.C., Posey, J., Gupta, A., Mukhopadhyay, S., and Mishra, S.K. "Damage detection in railway bridges under moving train load", Model Validation and Uncertainty Quantification, 3(1), pp. 349-354 (2017).
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5
5. Betti, M., Facchini, L., and Biagini, P. "Damage detection on a three-storey steel frame using artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms", Meccanica, 50(3), pp. 875-886 (2015).
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14. Alvandi, A. and Cremona, C. "Assessment of vibration-based damage identification techniques", J. Sound Vib., 292(1-2), pp. 179-202 (2006).
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16. Weng, S., Zhu, H., Gao, R., Li, J., and Chen, Z. "Identification of free-free flexibility for model updating and damage detection of structures", J. Aerosp. Eng., 31(3), p. 4018017 (2018).
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17. Bernal, D. "Extracting flexibility matrices from State- Space realizations", In COST F3 Conference, pp. 127- 135 (2000).
18
18. Anh, T.V., Enhacement to the Damage Locating Vector Method for Structural Health Monitoring, National University of Singapore (2009).
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20
20. Singh, M., Elbadawy, M., and Bisht, S. "Dynamic strain response measurement-based damage identification in structural frames", Struct. Control Heal. Monit., 25(7), p. e2181 (2018).
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21. Camacho Navarro, J., Ruiz, M., Villamizar, R., Mujica, L., and Quiroga, J. "Features of cross-correlation analysis in a data-driven approach for structural damage assessment", Sensors, 18(5), p. 1571 (2018).
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22. Bernal, D. "Load vectors for damage localization", J. Eng. Mech., 128(1), pp. 7-14 (2002).
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23. Monajemi, H., Razak, H.A., and Ismail, Z. "Damage detection in frame structures using damage locating vectors", Measurement, 46(9), pp. 3541-3548 (2013).
24
24. Jung, H.Y., Sung, S.H., and Jung, H.J. "Experimental validation of normalized uniform load surface curvature method for damage localization", Sensors (Switzerland), 15(10), pp. 26315-26330 (2015).
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25. Bernal, D. "Analytical techniques for damage detection and localization for assessing and monitoring civil infrastructures", In Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructures, pp. 67-92, Elsevier Press, Netherlands (2014).
26
26. Gunes, B. "Structural health monitoring and damage assessment Part II: Application of the Damage Locating Vector (DLV) method to the ASCE benchmark structure experimental data", Int. J. Phys. Sci., 7(9), pp. 1509-1515 (2012).
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27. Bernal, D. "Load vectors for damage location in systems identified from operational loads," J. Eng. Mech., 136(1), pp. 31-39 (2010).
28
28. Wang, Z. and Ong, K.C.G. "Multivariate statistical approach to structural damage detection", J. Eng. Mech., 136(1), pp. 12-22 (2010).
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31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Uncertainty quantification in seismic collapse assessment of the Iranian code-conforming RC buildings
Structural collapse is the main concern in the existing structures which are built in the seismic-prone regions. Therefore, the primary goal of the seismic provisions in building codes is to prevent the global collapse. Iran is located in the Alpine-Himalayan belt, and has experienced some of the most destructive earthquakes in the past century. To evaluate the extent to which the Iranian building code provisions meet this objective, the authors have conducted a detailed assessment of collapse risk on a set of moderate moment resisting reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. This study considers P-Delta effects, deterioration in strength and stiffness, and cyclic deterioration in structural components.Structural assessment is performed using OpenSees platform and the multiple-record incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). Results are presented in terms of the IDA capacity curves and the collapse fragility functions at different seismic hazard levels. Results show that probability of instability increases with height of the buildings. Moreover, the collapse confidence level was evaluated considering the available uncertainties. Assuming a minimum confidence level of 90% for the buildings, the collapse prevention limit state under the 2%/50 hazard level is not satisfied for the 9 and 12 story frames, and they need to re-designed.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21072_1a155148a08c703406b6bab9ebdce02f.pdf
2020-08-01
1786
1802
10.24200/sci.2018.50546.1750
Collapse
Incremental Dynamic Analysis
Fragility curve
Confidence Level
uncertainty
S.A.
Hoseini
abbashoseyni@ut.ac.ir
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
M.
Ghaemian
ghaemain@sharif.edu
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.A.
Hariri-Ardebili
mohammad.haririardebili@colorado.edu
3
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA.; X-Elastica LLC, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
AUTHOR
References:
1
1. Song, C., Pujol, S., and Lepage, A. "The collapse of the Alto Rio building during the 27 February 2010 maule, chile, earthquake", Earthquake Spectra, 28(S1), pp. 301-334 (2012).
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2. Villaverde, R. "Methods to assess the seismic collapse capacity of building structures: State of the art", Journal of Structural Engineering, 133(1), pp. 57-66 (2007).
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4. Baker, J.W. and Allin Cornell, C. "Spectral shape, epsilon and record selection", Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 35(9), pp. 1077-1095 (2006).
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6. Goulet, C.A., Haselton, C.B., Mitrani-Reiser, J., Beck, J.L., Deierlein, G.G., Porter, K.A., and Stewart, J.P. "Evaluation of the seismic performance of a code-conforming reinforced concrete frame building from seismic hazard to collapse safety and economic losses", Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 36(13), pp. 1973-1997 (2007).
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7. Haselton, C.B., Liel, A.B., Dean, B.S., Chou, J.H., and Deierlein, G.G. "Seismic collapse safety and behavior of modern reinforced concrete moment frame buildings", In Structural Engineering Research Frontiers, pp. 1-14 (2007).
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76
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Experimental study of the effect of polymer fiber based on epoxy resin on compressive and exural strength parameters
In this study, effective parameters on polymer concrete (PC) based on epoxy resin such as filler, hardener and solvent are investigated. Rice husk and broom stem ashes as fillers with mixture of 50-50% Acetone-Toluene as solvent in preparation of PC samples were used. According to experimental results, addition of fillers improved compressive, flexural and chemical strengths of the PC samples. In the sample with 18.4% polymer, additional of rice husk ash with ratio of filler-aggregate 0.075, compressive strength improved by 21%. For the sample with broom stem ash ratio of filler-aggregate 0.09, the flexural strength was improved by 27%. In addition, experimental data proved that addition of optimum amount of solvent improved the performance and enhanced the compressive and flexural strengths. But excess amount of solvent may reduce the adhesiveness of the polymer therefore it may have negative impact on PC. The combination of hardener-resin may influence on the strength of PC. Amine type of hardener with low equivalent weight improved 27 and 13% on compressive and flexural strengths. Also elasticity module was increased in compare with the samples having high equivalent weight of amine type hardener.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_20791_8baad726106e3eca9353b979f30eae58.pdf
2020-08-01
1803
1813
10.24200/sci.2018.50577.1770
Polymer concrete
Epoxy resin
Filler
Solvent
Hardener
A.
Rahmati
adelrahmati95@gmail.com
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, P.O. Box 59133-43345, Iran.
AUTHOR
K.
Rahmani
mohandes_so@yahoo.com
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, P.O. Box 59133-43345, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
S.
Piroti
s.piroty@mahabad-iau.ac.ir
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, P.O. Box 59133-43345, Iran.
AUTHOR
References:
1
1. Riberio, M.C.S., Novoa, P.R., and Ferreira, A.J.M. "Flexural performance of polyester and epoxy polymer mortars under severe thermal conditions", Cement & Concrete Composition, 26, pp. 803-809 (2004).
2
2. Mohammadhassani, M., Meldi, S., Shariati, M., and Ghanbari, F. "Ductility and strength assessment of HSC beams with varying of tensile reinforcement ratios", Str. Eng. and Mech., 48(6), pp. 833-848 (2013).
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3. Sinaei, H., Jumaat, M.H., and Shariati, M. "Numerical investigation on exterior reinforced concrete Beam-Column joint strengthened by composite fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)", Int. J. of Physical Sci., 6(28), pp. 6572-6579 (2011).
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4. Mohammadhassani, M., Nezamabadi-pour, H., Meldi, S., and Shariati, M. "An evolutionary fuzzy modelling approach and comparison of different methods for shear strength prediction of high-strength concrete beams without stirrups", Smart Str. and Sys., 14(5), pp. 785-809 (2014).
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5. Zhang, P. and Li, Q.-F. "Combined effect of silica fume and polypropylene fiberon drying shrinkage properties of concrete composites containing y ash", Scientia Iranica, 20(5), pp. 1372-1380 (2013).
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13. Unterweger, C., Bruggemann, O., and Furst, C. "Synthetic fibers and thermoplastic short-fiber-reinforced polymers: properties and characterization", Polym. Compos., 35, pp. 227-236 (2014b).
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14. Rahmanzadeh, B., Rahmani, K., and Piroti, S. "Experimental study of the effect of water-cement ratio on compressive strength, abrasion resistance, porosity and permeability of nano silica concrete", Frattura ed Integrita Strutturale, 44, pp. 16-24 (2018).
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15. Rahmani, K., Ghaemoan, M., and Hosseini, A. "Experimental study of the effect of water to cement ratio on mechanical and durability properties of nano-silica concretes with polypropylene fibers", Scientia Iranica, 26(5), pp. 2712-2722 (2019).
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20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prediction of meteorological and hydrological phenomena in different climatic scenarios in the Karkheh watershed (southwest of Iran)
This research evaluates effects of climatic change on future temperature, precipitation and flow discharge in the Karkheh watershed (a watershed in south west of Iran). For this purpose, it utilizes general circulation models (GCMs) and the non parametric Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test. Considered hydrometric station is the Jelogir station at the upstream of the Karkheh dam. Base time period is 1971-2014 and future time period is 2030- 2073 for prediction of meteorological and hydrometric phenomena in the Jelogir station. For GCM model, the Canadian Climate Change Scenarios Network (CCCSN) database represents data of HadCM3 model for A2 and B2 scenarios. For using in a watershed, this research applies SDSM downscaling model and introduces predicted precipitation and temperature of future time period to IHACRES model for prediction of flow discharge. Also the non parametric Mann-Kendall trend test and the Theil–Sen approach (TSA) estimator distinguishes trend of observed and predicted data. Results of scenarios A2 and B2 have not much difference. Different climatic scenarios show that temperature increases and precipitation and flow discharge decrease, also MK test and TSA estimator represent that slope of their variations will slow down in future and most of changes are related to winter and spring.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_20823_1632d73ab03105ffeec1c74faebb7034.pdf
2020-08-01
1814
1825
10.24200/sci.2018.50953.1934
SDSM model
IHACRES model
GCMs models
The MK trend test
The TSA estimator
A.
Adib
arashadib@yahoo.com
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
S. B.
Mirsalari
sbmirsalari@yahoo.com
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
AUTHOR
S.M.
Ashrafi
ashrafi@scu.ac.ir
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
AUTHOR
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52
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Chaotic vibrating particles system for resource-constrained project scheduling problem
Project scheduling in the resource-constrained situation is one of the key issues of project-oriented organizations. The aim of resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) is finding a schedule with minimum makespan by considering precedence and resource constraints. RCPSP is a combinatorial optimization problem and belongs to the class of NP-hard problems. The exact methods search the entire search space and are unable to solve large-sized project networks. Thus metaheuristics are used to solve this problem with less computational time. Due to the probabilistic nature of metaheuristics, it is a challenging problem to balance between exploitation and exploration phases. The literature review shows that embedding with chaos improves both the convergence speed and the local optima avoidance of metaheuristics. This paper presents a Chaotic Vibrating Particles System (CVPS) optimization algorithm for solving the RCPSP. Vibrating Particles System (VPS) is a physic inspired metaheuristic which mimics the free vibration of single degree of freedom systems with viscous damping. The performance and applicability of the CVPS is compared with the standard VPS, and five well known algorithms on three benchmark instances of the RCPSPs Experimental studies reveals that the proposed optimization method is a promising alternative to assist project managers in dealing with RCPSP.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21398_c5f26ffac40e9867992d5dfbfc2758e6.pdf
2020-08-01
1826
1842
10.24200/sci.2019.51415.2163
Resource-constrained project scheduling problem
metaheuristic algorithms
Chaotic maps
Chaotic vibrating particles system
Chaos theory
Global optimization
A.
Kaveh
alikaveh@iust.ac.ir
1
Centre of Excellence for Fundamental Studies in Structural Engineering, Iran University of ‎Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Iran‎
LEAD_AUTHOR
Y.
Vazirinia
yasinvazirinia@gmail.com
2
Centre of Excellence for Fundamental Studies in Structural Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Iran.
AUTHOR
References:
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46
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Environmental impact analysis of high-rise buildings for resilient urban development
In recent years, the construction of high-rise buildings as an urban development strategy has been accepted in many megacities. High-rise buildings have positive, as well as negative impacts on urban environments. Therefore, the environmental impact assessment of high-rise buildings for establishing strategies for sustainable and resilient urban development is essential. In this study, the environmental impact of high-rise buildings with a resilient development mindset is assessed. Resilience mindset provides an approach for including the uncertainties and interdependence of systems and processes for planning new sustainable developments and assessment methods. The corresponding environmental impact assessment is done by monitoring the structural changes and their impacts on the function of ecosystem and environmental services. Here, the positive and negative impacts of high-rise buildings are evaluated. Protection of impervious surfaces as a positive and changing the natural pattern of urban wind flow as a negative impact is considered. The transparency of the results and the reduction of uncertainty are the advantages of using the resilience mindset in environmental impact assessment. The results of this study suggest that the resilient development mindset can improve the environmental assessment through the adoption of the appropriate indicators at multiple scales and differentiation between the primary and secondary effects.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21908_9ccbe66d73d58d45e7ccc41279d9d268.pdf
2020-08-01
1843
1857
10.24200/sci.2020.21908
Environmental impacts
resilience mindset
High-Rise Buildings
urban structure
urban function
H.
Vafai
1
Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
LEAD_AUTHOR
P.
Parivar
parivar.p@gmail.com
2
Department of Environment Science, School of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
S.
Sehat Kashani
3
Atmospheric Science and Meteorological Research Center (ASEMRC), Tehran, P.O. Box 14977-16385, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Farshforoush Imani
4
School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
F.
Vakili
5
Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
G.
Ahmadi
gahmadi@clarkson.edu
6
Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, USA.
LEAD_AUTHOR
References:
1
1. Maclean, I., Macken, K., Byrne, G., O'Mahony, T., and Archer, B., Guidelines on the Information to be Contained in Environmental Impact Statements, Ireland: Environmental Protection Agency (2002).
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2. Rao, S.K., Environmental Impact Assessment Guidance Manual for Highways, Hyderabad: Administrative Staff College of India (2010).
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A new approach to improving durability of rice husk ash blended concrete with re-dispersible polymer powder
An experimental investigation was conducted to improve the limitation of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) blended concrete in terms of durability, by incorporating Re-dispersible Polymer Powder. To examine durability properties of Rice Husk Ash Polymer-Modified Concrete (RHAPMC) matrix, the RHAPMC mix of 1:2:3 proportions was used to prepare the specimens. To prepare Rice Husk Ash-Modified Mix (RHAMM), 10% of RHA was replaced with cement. RHAPMC was made with the inclusion of polymer at the ratio of 1 to 7.5% by the weight of cement. Most common durability related properties, i.e. water absorption, density, water permeability, ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength were experimentally investigated. The results showed a remarkable improvement in durability characteristics in newly developed matrix of rice husk ash polymer modified concrete and could be used as a repair material in aggressive environment.
https://scientiairanica.sharif.edu/article_21079_be44ba9ca0c7369283064d3284dc6ce8.pdf
2020-08-01
1858
1865
10.24200/sci.2018.21079
Durability
Polymer
RHA
RHAPMC
Permeability
Water Absorption
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity
D.K.
Bangwar
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Saand
abdullah.saand@gmail.com
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan
AUTHOR
M. A.
Keerio
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan.
AUTHOR
M.A.
Zardari
muhammad.auchar@quest.edu.pk
4
Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan.
AUTHOR
References:
1
1. Shetty, M., Concrete Technology, S. Chand Publishing (2005).
2
2. Zerbino, R., Giaccio, G., and Isaia, G.C. "Concrete incorporating rice-husk ash without processing", Constr. Build. Mater., 25(1), pp. 371-378 (2011).
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3. FAO. "Production international trade rice utilization and domestic prices", Rice Market Monitor, XIX(3), pp. 1-18 (2016).
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4. Fernandes, I.J., Calheiro, D., Kieling, A.G., Moraes, C.A., Rocha, T.L., Brehm, F.A., and Modolo, R.C. "Characterization of rice husk ash produced using different biomass combustion techniques for energy", Fuel, 165, pp. 351-359 (2016).
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5. Fernandes, I.J., Sanchez, F.A., Jurado, J.R., Kieling, A.G., Rocha, T.L., Moraes, C.A., and Sousa, V.C. "Physical, chemical and electric characterization of thermally treated rice husk ash and its potential application as ceramic raw material", Adv. Powder Technol., 28(4), pp. 1228-1236 (2017).
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6. Sandhu, R.K. and Siddique, R. "Influence of rice husk ash (RHA) on the properties of self-compacting concrete: A review", Constr. Build. Mater., 153, pp. 751-764 (2017).
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7. Xu, W., Lo, T.Y., and Memon, S.A. "Microstructure and reactivity of rich husk ash", Constr. Build. Mater., 29, pp. 541-547 (2012).
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8. Mehta, P.K. "Rice husk ash-a unique supplementary cementing material", Adv. Concr. Technol., pp. 419- 443 (1994).
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9. Habeeb, G.A. and Mahmud, H.B. "Study on properties of rice husk ash and its use as cement replacement material", Mater. Res., 13(2), pp. 185-190 (2010).
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11. Ohama, Y. "Principle of latex modification and some typical properties of latex-modified mortars and concretes adhesion; binders (materials); bond (paste to aggregate); carbonation; chlorides; curing; diffusion", Mater. J., 84(6), pp. 511-518 (1987).
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13. Shokrieh, M.M., Rezvani, S., and Mosalmani, R. "Mechanical behavior of polyester polymer concrete under low strain rate loading conditions", Polym. Test., 63, pp. 596-604 (2017).
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14. Ramli, M. and Tabassi, A.A. "Effects of polymer modification on the permeability of cement mortars under different curing conditions: A correlational study that includes pore distributions, water absorption and compressive strength", Constr. Build. Mater., 28(1), pp. 561-570 (2012).
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